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. 2013 Sep 5;8(9):e73713.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073713. eCollection 2013.

Molecular phylogeny of the Myxobolus and Henneguya genera with several new South American species

Mateus Maldonado Carriero  1 , Edson A Adriano, Márcia R M Silva, Paulo S Ceccarelli, Antonio A M Maia
Affiliations

Molecular phylogeny of the Myxobolus and Henneguya genera with several new South American species

Mateus Maldonado Carriero et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The present study consists of a detailed phylogenetic analysis of myxosporeans of the Myxobolus and Henneguya genera, including sequences from 12 Myxobolus/Henneguya species, parasites of South American pimelodids, bryconids and characids. Maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses, based on 18 S rDNA gene sequences, showed that the strongest evolutionary signal is the phylogenetic affinity of the fish hosts, with clustering mainly occurring according to the order and/or family of the host. Of the 12 South American species studied here, six are newly described infecting fish from the Brazilian Pantanal wetland. Henneguya maculosus n. sp. and Myxobolus flavus n. sp. were found infecting both Pseudoplatystoma corruscans and Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum; Myxobolus aureus n. sp. and Myxobolus pantanalis n. sp. were observed parasitizing Salminus brasiliensis and Myxobolus umidus n. sp. and Myxobolus piraputangae n. sp. were detected infecting Brycon hilarii.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Photomicrographs of fresh spores of the novel myxosporean species.
(A) Henneguya maculosus n. sp; (B) Myxobolus flavus n. sp.; (C) Myxobolus aureus n. sp.; (D) Myxobolus pantanalis n. sp.; (E) Myxobolus umidus n. sp.; (F) Myxobolus piraputangae n. sp. Scale bars = 10 µm.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Schematic illustrations of the novel myxosporean species.
(A) Henneguya maculosus n. sp.; (B) Myxobolus flavus n. sp.; (C) Myxobolus aureus n. sp.; (D) Myxobolus pantanalis n. sp.; (E) Myxobolus umidus n. sp.; (D) Myxobolus piraputangae n. sp. Scale bars = 5 µm.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on partial 18 S rDNA sequences.
The bootstrap support values at branching points are listed as maximum likelihood/maximum parsimony. GenBank accession numbers are given following the name of the species. PW = Pantanal wetland; MG = Mogi Guaçu River; PC = Pseudoplatystoma corruscans; PR = Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum.
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