Photodynamic therapy with methyl-aminolevulinic acid for paucilesional mycosis fungoides: a prospective open study and review of the literature

Abstract

Background: Publications reporting photodynamic therapy (PDT) in mycosis fungoides (MF) are rare, involve small samples, and are difficult to compare because of a lack of technical standardization.

Objective: We sought to assess PDT effectiveness and tolerability in early-stage MF using a strict reproducible procedure.

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted in Nantes University Hospital, France, including patients older than 18 years with histologically proven MF (stage IA or IB). Methyl-aminolevulinic acid-PDT sessions were repeated monthly for 6 months. Clinical and histologic responses were assessed 1 month after the last session. Patient satisfaction was assessed by telephone survey.

Results: Twelve patients (with 29 lesions) were treated with PDT. An objective response in target lesions was obtained in 75% of patients. Response rates were similar between plaques and patches but higher in sun-protected compared with sun-exposed areas (trend without reaching significance). During PDT, new lesions appeared in 5 of 12 patients in untreated areas. Most patients were highly satisfied and preferred PDT to the topical chemotherapy previously used.

Limitations: PDT procedure criteria selection was partially arbitrary.

Conclusions: In early-stage MF, PDT is effective and appreciated (especially when compared with conventional topical chemotherapy). Unilesional and paucilesional forms and lesions in sun-protected areas are to be preferred.

Keywords: CR; EORTC; European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer; ISCL; International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas; MAL; MF; PDT; PR; complete response; cutaneous T-cell lymphoma; methyl-aminolevulinic acid; mycosis fungoides; partial response; photodynamic therapy; prospective study; satisfaction survey.