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. 2013 Sep 13;8(9):e73019.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073019. eCollection 2013.

Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the Hawaiian craneflies Dicranomyia (Diptera: Limoniidae)

Kari Roesch Goodman  1 , Patrick O'Grady
Affiliations

Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the Hawaiian craneflies Dicranomyia (Diptera: Limoniidae)

Kari Roesch Goodman et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The Hawaiian Diptera offer an opportunity to compare patterns of diversification across large and small endemic radiations with varying species richness and levels of single island endemism. The craneflies (Limoniidae: Dicranomyia) represent a small radiation of 13 described species that have diversified within the Hawaiian Islands. We used Bayesian and maximum likelihood approaches to generate a molecular phylogeny of the Hawaiian Dicranomyia using a combination of nuclear and mitochondrial loci, estimated divergence times and reconstructed ancestral ranges. Divergence time estimation and ancestral range reconstruction suggest that the colonization that led to most of the diversity within the craneflies arrived prior to the formation of Kauai and demonstrates that the two major clades within that radiation contrast sharply in their patterns of diversification.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: Patrick O'Grady is a PLOS ONE editorial board member – the authors confirm that they have had no correspondence with any other editors about this manuscript, except through the receipt of comments on the first version of the manuscript. Dr. O'Grady's position on the editorial board does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Majority rule consensus tree summarizing Bayesian analysis of Dicranomyia.
Bayesian posterior probabilities and bootstrap supports from the maximum likelihood analysis are displayed as colored boxes. Islands that each specimen was collected from are shown next to each tip.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Time tree with error bars, Island Calibrations II.
A. main figure: purple bars are 95%HPD of node age estimates. D. variabilis calibration  = (1.3 my SD = 0.15), D. jacobus calibration  = (1.9 my, SD = 0.15); B. Inset: figure is a closeup of the ingroup, showing the disparity in branch lengths among Clade 1 and Clade 2; C. Inset: a comparison of branch length distributions between Clade 1 and Clade 2.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Results of divergence dating analysis and ancestral range reconstruction.
The Maximum Clade Credibility tree is shown compared to a timescale bar, with populations collapsed into species. Outgroup has been trimmed.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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