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Review
. 1990 Feb;70(1):159-80.
doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)45042-5.

Chronic venous insufficiency

T F O'Donnell Jr  1 , C S McEnroe, P Heggerick
Affiliations
Review

Chronic venous insufficiency

T F O'Donnell Jr et al. Surg Clin North Am. 1990 Feb.

Abstract

Like the noninvasive assessment of arterial occlusive disease, the various methods for evaluation of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) can be divided into those that provide hemodynamic information and those that provide anatomic detail. The majority of noninvasive methods for evaluation of CVI are directed toward assessing hemodynamic events in large vessels by detecting abnormally directed blood flow, elevated venous pressure, increased limb-volume changes, or valvular reflux. B-mode ultrasound, the principal non-invasive method for anatomic assessment of CVI, defines either valvular incompetence, obstruction, or recanalization changes.

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