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. 2013 Sep 20;8(9):e74823.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074823. eCollection 2013.

Isolation of a New Chlamydia species from the Feral Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus): Chlamydia ibidis

Fabien Vorimore  1 , Ru-Ching Hsia, Heather Huot-Creasy, Suzanne Bastian, Lucie Deruyter, Anne Passet, Konrad Sachse, Patrik Bavoil, Garry Myers, Karine Laroucau
Affiliations

Isolation of a New Chlamydia species from the Feral Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus): Chlamydia ibidis

Fabien Vorimore et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Investigations conducted on feral African Sacred Ibises (Threskiornisaethiopicus) in western France led to the isolation of a strain with chlamydial genetic determinants. Ultrastructural analysis, comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, ompA, and of a concatenate of 31 highly conserved genes, as well as determination of the whole genome sequence confirmed the relatedness of the new isolate to members of the Chlamydiaceae, while, at the same time demonstrating a unique position outside the currently recognized species of this family. We propose to name this new chlamydial species Chlamydiaibidis .

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Dendrogram based on the analysis of the nearly complete 16S rRNA gene sequences (about 1350 nt) from the Ibis isolates (10-1398/6 and 10-1398/11) and from the type strains of nine Chlamydiaceae.
The dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA method from a similarity matrix calculated by pairwise alignment. Branch quality was calculated by cophenetic correlation. Horizontal distances correspond to genetic distances expressed in percentage of sequence similarity.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Ultrastructural analysis of inclusions generated upon infection of Vero cells with isolate 10-1398/6 at 48h post infection.
Two typical inclusions were observed, less (A) or more (B) mature.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree of 31 conserved genes including corresponding sequences of C . caviae , C. felis, C. psittaci, C . abortus , C . pecorum , C. pneumoniae, C. muridarum, C. trachomatis and 10-1398/6 C. ibidis isolate.
The 31 conserved housekeeping genes were concatenated, and Amphora alignments used to generate a maximum likelihood phylogeny using the PhyML implementation of the WAG model of amino acid substitution. 100 bootstrap replicates were generated.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Comparison of genome structure of C . ibidis 10-1398/6 and all other members of the family Chlamydiaceae, specifically: A) C . abortus S263, B) C. felis FEC56, C) C . pecorum E58, D) C. pneumoniae AR39, E) C. psittaci 6BC, F) C. trachomatis D/UW-3/CX, G) C . caviae GPIC and H) C. muridarum Nigg.
Each dot represents a peptide sequence, with color coding corresponding to the degree of similarity based on BSR.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Circular representation of the 10-1398/6 genome compared to C. psittaci 6BC and C . pecorum E58 genomes.
Outermost to innermost tracks represent: (i) % GC; (ii) all genes in 10-1398/6 (black); (iii) core genes shared by all three genomes, based on a BSR similarity >0.5 (grey); (iv) unique genes to 10-1398/6 based on a BSR similarity of <0.4 (red); (v) variable genes shared by 10-1398/6 and 6BC but absent from E58 (blue); (vi) variable genes shared by 10-1398/6 and E58 but absent from 6BC (green). Track iv (red) illustrates the presence of clusters of unique genes spanning the entire 10-1398/6 genome. The chlamydial plasticity zone is highlighted in grey.
Figure 6
Figure 6. Comparison of the plasticity zones of C. psittaci and 10-1398/6 Ibis isolate, along with other representatives of the former genus Chlamydophila .
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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