Protective effect of fermented soybean dried extracts against TPA-induced oxidative stress in hairless mice skin

Abstract

This study evaluated the chemical properties (polyphenol and genistein contents) of soybean extracts obtained by biotransformation and dried by spray dryer at different conditions and their in vivo ability to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate- (TPA-) induced biochemical alterations in the skin of hairless mice. By comparing the obtained data with that of the well-known active soybean extract Isoflavin beta, we evaluated the influence of the fermentation and drying process in the extracts efficacy. The results demonstrated that inlet gas temperature and adjuvant concentration for the extract drying process have significantly affected the total polyphenol contents and, to a minor degree, the genistein contents. However, the effect of topical stimulus with TPA, an oxidative stress inducer, which caused significant depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase, with increased levels of H2O2 and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the skin of hairless mice, was significantly prevented by the soybean extracts treatment. These results indicate that the spray drying processing resulted in a product capable of limiting the oxidative stress with possible therapeutic applicability as an antioxidant in pharmaceutical forms.

Figure 1

Role of pretreatment with different soybeans extracts on TPA-induced H₂O₂: hydroalcoholic extract (HE), spray-dried soybean extract at 115°C/45% (SE1), and spray-dried soybean extract at 150°C/70% (SE2). Bars represent means ± SD of three separate experiments with 3 animals per group per experiment.*Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with TPA treated control group.

Figure 2

Role of pretreatment with different soybean extracts on TPA-induced GSH depletion: hydroalcoholic extract (HE), spray-dried soybean extract at 115°C/45% (SE1), and spray-dried soybean extract at 150°C/70% (SE2). Bars represent means ± SD of three separate experiments with 3 animals per group per experiment. *Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with acetone treated control group. **Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with acetone treated control group and TPA treated control group.

Figure 3

Role of pretreatment with different soybeans extracts on TPA-induced catalase depletion: hydroalcoholic extract (HE), spray-dried soybean extract at 115°C/45% (SE1), and spray-dried soybean extract at 150°C/70% (SE2). Bars represent means ± SD of three separate experiments with 3 animals per group per experiment. *Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with acetone treated control group. **Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with TPA treated control group.

Figure 4

Effects of pretreatment with different soybeans extracts on TPA-mediated enhancement in the susceptibility of cutaneous skin for iron ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation in mice: hydroalcoholic extract (HE), spray-dried soybean extract at 115°C/45% (SE1), and spray-dried soybean extract at 150°C/70% (SE2). Bars represent means ± SD of three separate experiments with 3 animals per group per experiment. *Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with acetone treated control group. **Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with acetone treated control group and TPA treated control group. ***Significant (P < 0.05) when compared with TPA treated control group and HE, SE1, and SE2 treated groups.