Discharge intervention pilot improves satisfaction for patients and professionals

Abstract

Background: The risk of adverse events and information loss following hospital discharge is particularly high for vulnerable multimorbid patients. Poor coordination of care at discharge increases the burden upon patients, caregivers and professionals, and can lead to increased morbidity and costs. Targeted programs can improve efficiency and health outcomes, but the ideal organization of hospital discharge remains to be specified.

Methods: This single-blind, randomized, controlled interprofessional pilot on two internal medicine wards in a teaching hospital in Baden, Switzerland tested a discharge management intervention using nurse care managers. Patients (n=60) were at high risk for adverse events, fulfilling criteria such as polypharmacy, therapy with anticoagulants or insulin, plus secondary criteria indicating vulnerability. Primary composite endpoint was fulfilled by any of the following: death, rehospitalization, urgent physician visit within five days of discharge or adverse medicine reaction. Secondary endpoints evaluated patient quality-of-life, caregiver burden, adequacy of information provided to primary care physicians and home care nurses, and satisfaction with discharge for all groups. Endpoint evaluation was via telephone interviews on days 5 and 30 post-discharge. Design was critically evaluated in anticipation of a larger trial.

Results: Intervention acceptance was high. In the intervention group, satisfaction was higher among patients (p=0.027) and caregivers (p=0.008), and primary care physicians rated discharge information higher (p=0.031). Primary endpoint showed no significant difference between groups. Necessary design modifications were identified.

Conclusion: Discharge coordination and follow-up care by nurse care managers significantly improved subjective endpoints. A modified design is planned to test effectiveness in a well-powered study.

Keywords: Caregivers; Health services research; Patient discharge; Patient satisfaction.