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. 2013 Sep 26;5(10):3871-97.
doi: 10.3390/nu5103871.

Dietary factors and type 2 diabetes in the Middle East: what is the evidence for an association?--a systematic review

Lena Al-Khudairy  1 , Saverio Stranges, Sudhesh Kumar, Nasser Al-Daghri, Karen Rees
Affiliations

Dietary factors and type 2 diabetes in the Middle East: what is the evidence for an association?--a systematic review

Lena Al-Khudairy et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

This review aims to search and summarise the available evidence on the association between dietary factors and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Middle Eastern populations, where diabetes prevalence is among the highest in the world. Electronic databases were searched; authors, libraries, and research centres in the Middle East were contacted for further studies and unpublished literature. Included studies assessed potential dietary factors for T2DM in Middle Eastern adults. Two reviewers assessed studies independently. Extensive searching yielded 17 studies which met the inclusion criteria for this review. The findings showed that whole-grain intake reduces the risk of T2DM, and potato consumption was positively correlated with T2DM. Vegetables and vegetable oil may play a protective role against T2DM. Dietary patterns that are associated with diabetes were identified, such as Fast Food and Refined Grains patterns. Two studies demonstrated that lifestyle interventions decreased the risk of T2DM. In summary, the identified studies support an association between some dietary factors and T2DM; however, many of the included studies were of poor methodological quality so the findings should be interpreted with caution. The review draws attention to major gaps in current evidence and the need for well-designed studies in this area.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram for the selection of studies.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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