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Clinical Trial
. 2013 Oct;122(4):745-751.
doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182a14cfb.

Combination gefitinib and methotrexate compared with methotrexate alone to treat ectopic pregnancy

Monika M Skubisz  1 , Andrew W Horne, Terrance G Johns, Ulrika W Nilsson, W Colin Duncan, Euan M Wallace, Hilary O D Critchley, Stephen Tong
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Combination gefitinib and methotrexate compared with methotrexate alone to treat ectopic pregnancy

Monika M Skubisz et al. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Oct.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of combination gefitinib and methotrexate to treat ectopic pregnancy.

Methods: We performed a phase I, single-arm (nonrandomized), open-label study. Twelve women with ectopic pregnancies were administered methotrexate (50 mg/m, intramuscular) and 250 mg oral gefitinib in a dose-escalation protocol: one dose (day 1) n=3; three doses (days 1-3) n=3; seven doses (days 1-7) n=6. Efficacy was examined by comparing human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) decline and time to resolution with historic controls administered methotrexate only.

Results: Common side effects were transient acneiform rash in 67% (8/12) and diarrhea in 42% (5/12) of participants. There was no clinical or biochemical evidence of serious pulmonary, renal, hepatic, or hematologic toxicity. Of six participants with a pretreatment serum hCG level between 1,000 and 3,000 international units/L, hCG levels declined significantly faster than in the control group. Median serum hCG levels by day 7 after treatment were less than one fifth of levels observed among 71 historic controls treated with methotrexate alone (median [interquartile range] hCG in participants 261 [55-1,445] international units/L compared with controls 1,426 [940-2,573]; P=.008). Median time for the ectopic pregnancies to resolve with combination therapy was 34% shorter compared with methotrexate alone (21 days compared with 32 days; P=.018).

Conclusion: Combination gefitinib and methotrexate has potential as a treatment for ectopic pregnancy but is commonly associated with minor side effects such as transient rash and diarrhea. The treatment requires validation of safety and efficacy in a larger trial.

Clinical trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, www.anzctr.org, AC'TRN12610000684022.

Level of evidence: : II.

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References

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