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Review
. 2013 Nov;29(6):650-61.
doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e328365efb1.

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: recent advances and controversies

Tetsuhide Ito  1 , Hisato Igarashi, Robert T Jensen
Affiliations
Review

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: recent advances and controversies

Tetsuhide Ito et al. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013 Nov.

Abstract

Purpose of review: To review the recent advances and current controversies in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES).

Recent findings: Recent advances in the management of ZES include: improved understanding of the pathogenesis of gastrinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, new prognostic classification systems, new diagnostic algorithms, more sensitive localization studies, new treatment strategies including improved control of gastric acid secretion and role for surgery, and new approaches to patients with advanced disease. Controversies include: the best approach to a patient with hypergastrinemia suspected of possibly having ZES, the appropriate gastrin assay to use, the role of surgery in patients with ZES, especially those with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, and the precise order of therapeutic modalities in the treatment of patients with advanced disease.

Summary: This review updates clinicians regarding important advances and controversies required to optimally diagnose and manage patients with ZES.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: None:

References

    1. Ito T, Igarashi H, Jensen RT. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: clinical features, diagnosis and medical treatment: Advances. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26:737–753. Recent review covering all aspects of clinical features, diagnosis of ZES and other pNETs. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Fendrich V, Bartsch DK. Surgical treatment of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2011;396:299–311. - PubMed
    1. Knigge U, Hansen CP. Surgery for GEP-NETs. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26:819–831. Recent review covering all aspects of surgery of ZES and other pNETs. - PubMed
    1. Leung D, Schwartz L. Imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Semin Oncol. 2013;40:109–119. - PubMed
    1. Sundin A. Radiological and nuclear medicine imaging of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2012;26:803–818. Recent review covering all aspects of radiology of ZES and other pNETs. - PubMed

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