FABP3 and brown adipocyte-characteristic mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation enzymes are induced in beige cells in a different pathway from UCP1

Abstract

Cold exposure and β3-adrenergic receptor agonist (CL316,243) treatment induce the production of beige cells, which express brown adipocytes(BA)-specific UCP1 protein, in white adipose tissue (WAT). It remains unclear whether the beige cells, which have different gene expression patterns from BA, express BA-characteristic fatty acid oxidation (FAO) proteins. Here we found that 5 day cold exposure and CL316,243 treatment of WAT, but not CL316,243 treatment of primary adipocytes of C57BL/6J mice, increased mRNA levels of BA-characteristic FAO proteins. These results suggest that BA-characteristic FAO proteins are induced in beige cells in a different pathway from UCP1.

Keywords: 3-oxoacyl-Coenzyme A thiolase; ACAA2; ACADL; ACADM; ACADS; ACSL5; ACSS1; Acyl-CoA; BA; BAT; Beige cell/brite cell/recruitable brown fat cell; Brown adipocyte; CL; CL316,243; CPT1b; FABP3; FAO; Fatty acid oxidation; Heart-type fatty acid binding protein/fatty acid binding protein 3; PGC-1; PPAR; PPARγ coactivator 1; Rps18; SV; UCP1; WA; WAT; White adipocyte; acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 5; acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 1; acyl-Coenzyme A; brown adipocyte; brown adipose tissue; cAMP; cDNA; carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b; complementary DNA; cyclic AMP; fatty acid binding protein3/heart-type fatty acid binding protein; fatty acid oxidation; i.p; intraperitoneal; long-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase; mRNA; medium-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase; messenger RNA; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; ribosomal protein S18; short-chain acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase; stromal-vascular; subWAT; subcutaneous WAT; uncoupling protein 1; white adipocyte; white adipose tissue; β(3)-adrenergic receptor; β(3)AR.