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. 2013 Sep;6(3):816-818.
doi: 10.3892/etm.2013.1207. Epub 2013 Jul 5.

Splenogonadal fusion: Report of four cases and review of the literature

Wan-Fu Li  1 , Mei-Xiang Luan, Zhu Ma, Ya-Jun Chen
Affiliations

Splenogonadal fusion: Report of four cases and review of the literature

Wan-Fu Li et al. Exp Ther Med. 2013 Sep.

Abstract

Splenogonadal fusion (SGF) is a rare congenital abnormality that affects children of both genders. Very few cases of SGF have been diagnosed preoperatively. In this study, the surgical findings and laparoscopic treatment of four children with SGF associated with intra-abdominal cryptorchidism are described. Laparoscopy was demonstrated to be the only accurate exploratory procedure for the diagnosis and surgical treatment of SGF with non-palpable testis.

Keywords: cryptorchidism; laparoscopy; spleen; splenogonadal fusion; testis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Case 1. Under a light microscope (magnification ×40), spleen tissue (black arrow) and extruded testicular tissue (white arrow) are visible.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Case 2. Cord-like tissuevisible in the hernia sac; the remote cord-like tissue is thin and connect with the testicle (black arrow) while the proximal streaks are thicker and lead intra-abdominally (white arrow).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Case 2. During laparoscopy, the streak (black arrow) is observed to issue from the splenic hilum and connect with the spleen (white arrow). The proximal cord-like tissue is ligatured prior to being resectioned.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Case 3. Laparoscopy shows that a testis-like mass (black arrow) is present at the inner ring of inguinal canal.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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