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Review
. 2011 Apr;23(2):55-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2011.01.003. Epub 2011 Jan 28.

Adverse effects of orthodontic treatment: A clinical perspective

Nabeel F Talic  1
Affiliations
Review

Adverse effects of orthodontic treatment: A clinical perspective

Nabeel F Talic. Saudi Dent J. 2011 Apr.

Abstract

Orthodontic treatment is associated with a number of adverse effects, such as root resorption, pain, pulpal changes, periodontal disease, and temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD). Orthodontists should be aware of these effects and associated risk factors. Risk factors linked to root resorption include the duration of treatment, length, and shape of the root, trauma history, habits, and genetic predisposition.

Keywords: Pain; Periodontal disease; Pulp vitality; Root resorption; TMD.

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