The influence of nutritional supplement drinks on providing adequate calorie and protein intake in older adults with dementia

Abstract

Objectives: Investigate the impact of the provision of ONS on protein and energy intake from food and ability to meet protein and calorie requirements in people with dementia.

Design: After consent by proxy was obtained, participants took part in a cross over study comparing oral intake on an intervention day to an adjacent control day.

Setting: The study occurred in Nursing homes and hospitalised settings.

Participants: Older adults with dementia over the age of 65 were recruited. 26 participants (aged 83.9+/-8.4years, MMSE 13.08+/-8.13) took part. Intervention (if any): On the intervention day nutritional supplement drinks were provided three times. Each drink provided 283.3+/-41.8 Kcal of energy and 13.8+/-4.7g of protein. Supplements were removed approximately 1 hour before meals were served and weighed waste (g) was obtained.

Measurements: Intake of food consumed was determined on intervention and control days using the quartile method (none, quarter, half, three quarters, all) for each meal component.

Results: More people achieved their energy and protein requirements with the supplement drink intervention with no sufficient impact on habitual food consumption.

Conclusion: Findings from these 26 participants with dementia indicate that supplement drinks may be beneficial in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition within the group as more people meet their nutritional requirements. As the provision of supplement drinks is also demonstrated to have an additive effect to consumption of habitual foods these can be used alongside other measures to also improve oral intake.