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Review
. 2013 Oct 29:347:f6104.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6104.

Non-publication of large randomized clinical trials: cross sectional analysis

Christopher W Jones  1 , Lara Handler, Karen E Crowell, Lukas G Keil, Mark A Weaver, Timothy F Platts-Mills
Affiliations
Review

Non-publication of large randomized clinical trials: cross sectional analysis

Christopher W Jones et al. BMJ. .

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the frequency with which results of large randomized clinical trials registered with ClinicalTrials.gov are not available to the public.

Design: Cross sectional analysis

Setting: Trials with at least 500 participants that were prospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov and completed prior to January 2009.

Data sources: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase were searched to identify published manuscripts containing trial results. The final literature search occurred in November 2012. Registry entries for unpublished trials were reviewed to determine whether results for these studies were available in the ClinicalTrials.gov results database.

Main outcome measures: The frequency of non-publication of trial results and, among unpublished studies, the frequency with which results are unavailable in the ClinicalTrials.gov database.

Results: Of 585 registered trials, 171 (29%) remained unpublished. These 171 unpublished trials had an estimated total enrollment of 299,763 study participants. The median time between study completion and the final literature search was 60 months for unpublished trials. Non-publication was more common among trials that received industry funding (150/468, 32%) than those that did not (21/117, 18%), P=0.003. Of the 171 unpublished trials, 133 (78%) had no results available in ClinicalTrials.gov.

Conclusions: Among this group of large clinical trials, non-publication of results was common and the availability of results in the ClinicalTrials.gov database was limited. A substantial number of study participants were exposed to the risks of trial participation without the societal benefits that accompany the dissemination of trial results.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

Figures

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Fig 1 Flowchart of included trials
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Fig 2 Kaplan-Meier estimate of cumulative publication percentage by time elapsed from trial completion to publication
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

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