Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2015 Aug;20(8):1083-9.
doi: 10.1177/1359105313507964. Epub 2013 Oct 29.

Intersectionality of internalized HIV stigma and internalized substance use stigma: Implications for depressive symptoms

Valerie A Earnshaw  1 , Laramie R Smith  2 , Chinazo O Cunningham  3 , Michael M Copenhaver  2
Affiliations

Intersectionality of internalized HIV stigma and internalized substance use stigma: Implications for depressive symptoms

Valerie A Earnshaw et al. J Health Psychol. 2015 Aug.

Abstract

We adopted an intersectionality framework and examined whether the relationship between internalized HIV stigma and depressive symptoms is moderated by internalized substance use stigma. A total of 85 people living with HIV with a history of substance use in the Bronx, New York, completed a survey. Results revealed evidence of moderation: Participants who internalized HIV stigma experienced greater depressive symptoms only if they also internalized substance use stigma. Researchers should examine stigma associated with multiple socially devalued characteristics to best understand how stigma impacts mental health among people living with HIV. Healthcare providers should address stigma associated with the full range of socially devalued characteristics with which people living with HIV live.

Keywords: HIV; depressive symptoms; internalized stigma; intersectionality; substance use.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Line graph representing interaction between internalized HIV stigma and internalized substance use stigma on depressive symptoms. *p ≤ .05.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Aiken LS, West SG. Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. SAGE; Newbury Park, CA: 1991.
    1. Ali R, Awwad E, Babor T, et al. The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST): Development, reliability and feasibility. Addiction. 2002;97(9):1183–1194. - PubMed
    1. Berger MT. Workable Sisterhood: The Political Journey of Stigmatized Women with HIV/AIDS. Princeton University Press; Princeton, NJ: 2004.
    1. Bogart LM, Wagner GJ, Galvan FH, et al. Longitudinal relationships between antiretroviral treatment adherence and discrimination due to HIV-serostatus, race, and sexual orientation among African–American men with HIV. Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 2010;40(2):184–190. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Campbell C, Nair Y, Maimane S, et al. “Dying twice”: A multi-level model of the roots of AIDS stigma in two South African communities. Journal of Health Psychology. 2007;12:403–416. - PubMed

Publication types