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Review
. 2013 May 12;2(2):91-101.
doi: 10.5501/wjv.v2.i2.91.

Effects of human immunodeficiency virus on the erythrocyte and megakaryocyte lineages

Davide Gibellini  1 , Alberto Clò, Silvia Morini, Anna Miserocchi, Cristina Ponti, Maria Carla Re
Affiliations
Review

Effects of human immunodeficiency virus on the erythrocyte and megakaryocyte lineages

Davide Gibellini et al. World J Virol. .

Abstract

Anaemia and thrombocytopenia are haematological disorders that can be detected in many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients during the development of HIV infection. The progressive decline of erythrocytes and platelets plays an important role both in HIV disease progression and in the clinical and therapeutic management of HIV-positive patients. HIV-dependent impairment of the megakaryocyte and erythrocyte lineages is multifactorial and particularly affects survival, proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow (BM) CD34+ haematopoietic progenitor cells, the activity of BM stromal cells and the regulation of cytokine networks. In this review, we analyse the major HIV-related mechanisms that are involved in the genesis and development of the anaemia and thrombocytopenia observed in HIV positive patients.

Keywords: Erythrocytes; Haematopoietic progenitor cells; Human immunodeficiency virus; Megakaryocytes; Virology.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Human haematopoiesis. HSC: Hematopoietic stem cell; MPP: Multipotent progenitor; CLP: Common lymphoid progenitor; CMP: Common myeloid progenitor; GMP: Granulocyte/macrophage progenitor; MEP: Megakaryocyte/erithrocyte progenitor; BFU-E: Burst forming unit-erythroid; CFU-E: Colony forming unit-erythroid; CFU-MK: Colony forming unit-megakaryocyte.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The mechanisms involved in human immunodeficiency virus-related thrombocytopenia and anaemia. A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related thrombocytopenia; B: HIV-related anaemia. EPO: Erythropoietin; HPC: Haematopoietic progenitor cell; MK: Megakaryocyte.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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