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Review
. 2013 Nov;29(4):260-9.
doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2013.08.006.

Proposed mechanisms for cancer- and treatment-related cognitive changes

John D Merriman, Diane Von Ah, Christine Miaskowski, Bradley E Aouizerat
Review

Proposed mechanisms for cancer- and treatment-related cognitive changes

John D Merriman et al. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2013 Nov.

Abstract

Objectives: To review the proposed mechanisms of cognitive changes associated with non-central nervous system cancers and cancer treatment.

Data sources: Review and synthesis of databased publications and review articles.

Conclusion: Proposed mechanisms include cytokine upregulation, hormonal changes, neurotransmitter dysregulation, attentional fatigue, genetic predisposition, and comorbid symptoms.

Implications for nursing practice: Oncology nurses need to understand the multiple mechanisms that may contribute to the development of cancer- and treatment-related cognitive changes so that they can identify patients at high risk and help patients understand why these changes occur.

Keywords: Cognition; cancer; cytokines; inflammation; neurotransmitters.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Proposed Mechanisms for Cancer and Treatment-Related Cognitive Changes. Clinical factors impact baseline cognitive function to produce cognitive changes. These changes may be mediated by upregulation of inflammation, hormonal changes, and neurotransmitter dysregulation. Innate inter-individual differences moderate cognitive changes. The effects of clinical factors and innate inter-individual differences on the mechanisms producing cognitive changes overlap and interact.
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