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. 2013 Dec 17;128(24):2577-84.
doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003668. Epub 2013 Nov 4.

National trends in heart failure hospitalization after acute myocardial infarction for Medicare beneficiaries: 1998-2010

Jersey Chen  1 , Angela Fu-Chi Hsieh, Kumar Dharmarajan, Frederick A Masoudi, Harlan M Krumholz
Affiliations

National trends in heart failure hospitalization after acute myocardial infarction for Medicare beneficiaries: 1998-2010

Jersey Chen et al. Circulation. .

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have reported conflicting findings regarding how the incidence of heart failure (HF) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has changed over time, and data on contemporary national trends are sparse.

Methods and results: Using a complete national sample of 2 789 943 AMI hospitalizations of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries from 1998 through 2010, we evaluated annual changes in the incidence of subsequent HF hospitalization and mortality using Poisson and survival analysis models. The number of patients hospitalized for HF within 1 year after AMI declined modestly from 16.1 per 100 person-years in 1998 to 14.2 per 100 person years in 2010 (P<0.001). After adjusting for demographic factors, a relative 14.6% decline for HF hospitalizations after AMI was observed over the study period (incidence risk ratio, 0.854; 95% confidence interval, 0.809-0.901). Unadjusted 1-year mortality following HF hospitalization after AMI was 44.4% in 1998, which decreased to 43.2% in 2004 to 2005, but then increased to 45.5% by 2010. After adjusting for demographic factors and clinical comorbidities, this represented a 2.4% relative annual decline (hazard ratio, 0.976; 95% confidence interval, 0.974-0.978) from 1998 to 2007, but a 5.1% relative annual increase from 2007 to 2010 (hazard ratio, 1.051; 95% confidence interval, 1.039-1.064).

Conclusions: In a national sample of Medicare beneficiaries, HF hospitalization after AMI decreased from 1998 to 2010, which may indicate improvements in the management of AMI. In contrast, survival after HF following AMI remains poor, and has worsened from 2007 to 2010, demonstrating that challenges still remain for the treatment of this high-risk condition after AMI.

Keywords: epidemiology; heart failure; mortality; myocardial infarction.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr. Krumholz reports that he chairs a cardiac scientific advisory board for UnitedHealth and is the recipient of a research grant from Medtronic, Inc., through Yale University. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HF Hospitalizations after AMI, per 100-patient years.
Figure 2
Figure 2
1-year mortality for HF Hospitalization following AMI.
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