Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 1974 Mar;2(2):309-21.
doi: 10.3758/BF03209002.

Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word-recognition

D E Meyer  1 , R W Schvaneveldt, M G Ruddy
Affiliations

Functions of graphemic and phonemic codes in visual word-recognition

D E Meyer et al. Mem Cognit. 1974 Mar.

Abstract

Previous investigators have argued that printed words are recognized directly from visual representations and/or phonological representations obtained through phonemic recoding. The present research tested these hypotheses by manipulating graphemic and phonemic relations within various pairs of letter strings. Ss in two experiments classified the pairs as words or nonwords. Reaction times and error rates were relatively small for word pairs (e.g., BRIBE-TRIBE) that were both graphemically, and phonemically similar. Graphemic similarity alone inhibited performance on other word pairs (e.g., COUCH-TOUCH). These and other results suggest that phonological representations play a significant role in visual word recognition and that there is a dependence between successive phonemic-encoding operations. An encoding-bias model is proposed to explain the data.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. J Exp Psychol. 1971 Dec;91(2):262-7 - PubMed
    1. Percept Mot Skills. 1971 Aug;33(1):271-306 - PubMed
    1. J Exp Psychol. 1971 Oct;90(2):227-34 - PubMed
    1. Acta Psychol (Amst). 1967;27:285-92 - PubMed
    1. Nature. 1967 May 20;214(5090):851-2 - PubMed