Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2013:2013:710972.
doi: 10.1155/2013/710972. Epub 2013 Oct 8.

UPLC-TOF-MS Characterization and Identification of Bioactive Iridoids in Cornus mas Fruit

Shixin Deng  1 , Brett J West, C Jarakae Jensen
Affiliations

UPLC-TOF-MS Characterization and Identification of Bioactive Iridoids in Cornus mas Fruit

Shixin Deng et al. J Anal Methods Chem. 2013.

Abstract

Cornus mas L. is indigenous to Europe and parts of Asia. Although Cornus is widely considered to be an iridoid rich genera, only two iridoids have been previously found in this plant. The lack of information on taxonomically and biologically active iridoids prompted us to develop and optimize an analytical method for characterization of additional phytochemicals in C. mas fruit. An ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with photodiode array spectrophotometry (PDA) and electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS) was employed and mass parameters were optimized. Identification was made by elucidating the mass spectral data and further confirmed by comparing retention times and UV spectra of target peaks with those of reference compounds. Primary DNA damage and antigenotoxicity tests in E. coli PQ37 were used to screen the iridoids for biological activity. As a result, ten phytochemicals were identified, including iridoids loganic acid, loganin, sweroside, and cornuside. Nine of these were reported for the first time from C. mas fruit. The iridoids did not induce SOS repair of DNA, indicating a lack of genotoxic activity in E. coli PQ37. However, loganin, sweroside, and cornuside did reduce the amount of DNA damage caused by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, suggesting potential antigenotoxic activity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The typical total ion chromatogram (TIC) of C. mas fruit puree. Ionization source performed on Agilent Jet Stream TOF-MS with electrospray ionization (ESI) negative mode. (1) x-axis represents retention time and y-axis is intensity of m/z peaks. (2) Peaks 1–10 were identified as tartaric acid (1), malic acid (2), citric acid (3), gallic acid (4), chlorogenic acid (6), rutin (9), and four iridoids, loganic acid (5), loganin (7), sweroside (8), and cornuside (10). (3) Peaks 6, 7, and 9 were enlarged by zooming in.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Accurate mass spectra (mass-to-charge, m/z), in ESI negative mode, of phytochemical peaks identified in C. mas fruit by Agilent TOF detector. (1) Numbers 1–10 represent peaks to be characterized, that is, tartaric acid (1), malic aicd (2), citric acid (3), gallic acid (4), chlorogenic acid (6), a flavonoid glycoside rutin (9), and four iridoids, loganic acid (5), loganin (7), sweroside (8), and cornuside (10). (2) Accurate mass-to-charge (m/z) is labeled on the top of each peak.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chemical structures of iridoids identified in C. mas fruit by UPLC-TOF-MS.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Rop O, Mlcek J, Kramarova D, Jurikova T. Selected cultivars of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) as a new food source for human nutrition. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2010;9(8):1205–1210.
    1. Hassanpour H, Hamidoghli Y, Samizadeh H. Some fruit characteristics of Iranian cornelian cherries (Cornus mas L.) Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 2012;40(1):247–252.
    1. Seeram NP, Schutzki R, Chandra A, Nair MG. Characterization, quantification, and bioactivities of anthocyanins in Cornus species. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2002;50(9):2519–2523. - PubMed
    1. Demir F, Kalyoncu IH. Some nutritional, pomological and physical properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) Journal of Food Engineering. 2003;60(3):335–341.
    1. Ercisli S. A short review of the fruit germplasm resources of Turkey. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution. 2004;51(4):419–435.

LinkOut - more resources