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. 2013 Dec;46(6):1137-49.
doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2013.08.005. Epub 2013 Oct 10.

Dysphagia in stroke, neurodegenerative disease, and advanced dementia

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Dysphagia in stroke, neurodegenerative disease, and advanced dementia

Kenneth W Altman et al. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2013 Dec.

Abstract

Aspiration risk from dysphagia increases with central and peripheral neurologic disease. Stroke, microvascular ischemic disease, a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases, and advancing dementia all have unique aspects. However, there are distinct commonalities in this population. Increasing nutritional requirements to stave off oropharyngeal muscular atrophy and a sedentary lifestyle further tax the patient's abilities to safely swallow. This article reviews stroke, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and advanced dementia. Approaches to screening and evaluation, recognizing sentinel indicators of decline that increase aspiration risk, and options for managing global laryngeal dysfunction are also presented.

Keywords: Dementia; Dysphagia; Multiple sclerosis; Muscular dystrophy; Myasthenia gravis; Neurodegenerative disease; Stroke.

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