Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2013 Nov 25:13:332.
doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-332.

Association study of gene polymorphisms and depression with abnormal humor in traditional Uighur medicine

Abdiryim Yusup  1 , Hanzohra Upur, Ayimgul Abla, Halmurat Upur
Affiliations

Association study of gene polymorphisms and depression with abnormal humor in traditional Uighur medicine

Abdiryim Yusup et al. BMC Complement Altern Med. .

Abstract

Background: According to the humor theory of Traditional Uighur Medicine (TUM), a same disease is classified into different abnormal humor types and corresponding methods are applied to treat the diseases according to the type of abnormal humor characteristics. To date the biological foundation of classification of diseases by humor theory has been little studied and the mechanism of action is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the association between some related gene polymorphisms and depression with abnormal humor in TUM.

Methods: 201 cases of depression patients in a Uighur population were divided into two groups as: 107 cases of depression patients with abnormal black bile (ABB), 94 cases of depression patients with none abnormal black bile (nABB), and 50 healthy people were served as control group. Venous blood was used to isolate DNA samples, and the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used for genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Polymorphisms in the serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor gene, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor gene were investigated in each groups, respectively.

Results: The 5-HT2A A-1438G, 5-HT2A T102C, BDNF Val66Met, and 5-HT1A C-1019G gene polymorphisms showed significant association with ABB. However, no difference between nABB and controls was found for those genotype distribution and allele frequency. Moreover, the T102C and A1438G SNPs in the 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium. In addition, the OR associated with the combination of Val66Met-Val/Val genotype plus the presence of -1019C allele was 8.393 for ABB compared with controls (OR 8.393; 95% CI 1.807 ~ 38.991; P = 0.003). Moreover, the OR associated with the presence of -Met plus -1019C alleles was 12.194 for ABB compared with controls (OR 12.194; 95% CI 1.433 ~ 103.776; P = 0.005). The OR associated with the presence of -1438C/C plus Val/Val genotypes was 7.738 for ABB compared with controls (OR 7.738; 95% CI 1.566 ~ 38.241; P = 0.005).

Conclusion: It was concluded that there were significant relationship between the gene polymorphisms and classification of depression with abnormal humor in TUM. The 5-HT2A A-1438G, 5-HT2A T102C, BDNF Val66Met, and 5-HT1A C-1019G gene polymorphisms might predict the incidence of depression with ABB.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Agarose gel eletrophoretogram of 5-HT2A A-1438G PCR product after digestion with MspI. The distribution of the A-1438G polymorphism of 5-HT2A in nABB group and control group were in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). Lane M1: 50 bp DNA Ladder; Lane A, D, and G: AA; Lane B, E, and H: GG; Lane C, F, and I: AG; Lane M2: 2000 bp DNA marker.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Agarose gel eletrophoretogram of 5-HT2A T102C PCR product after digestion with MspI. The distribution of the 5-HT2A T102C polymorphism in nABB group and control group were in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). Lane M1: 2000 bp DNA marker; Lane A, D, and G: TT; Lane B, E, and H: CC; Lane C, F, and I: TC; Lane M2: 50 bp DNA Ladder.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Agarose gel eletrophoretogram of BDNF Val66Met PCR product after digestion with NlaIII. The distribution of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in the ABB group, nABB group and control group were in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). Lane M1: 50 bp DNA Ladder; Lane A, D, and G: Val/Val; Lane B, E, and H: Met/Met; Lane C, F, and I: Met/Val; Lane M2: 50 bp DNA Ladder.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Agarose gel eletrophoretogram of 5-HT1A C-1019G PCR product after digestion with Hpy CH4IV. The distribution of the 5-HT1A C-1019G polymorphism in the ABB group, nABB group and control group were in agreement with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no significant differences between groups (P > 0.05). Lane M: 50 bp DNA Ladder; Lane A: CG; Lane B: CC; Lane C: GG.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chisholm D, Sanderson K, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Saxena S. Reducing the global burden of depression: population-level analysis of intervention cost-effectiveness in 14 world regions. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;184:393–403. doi: 10.1192/bjp.184.5.393. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Insel TR, Charney DS. Research on major depression: strategies and priorities. JAMA. 2003;289(23):3167–3168. doi: 10.1001/jama.289.23.3167. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Krishnan V, Nestler EJ. The molecular neurobiology of depression. Nature. 2008;455(7215):894–902. doi: 10.1038/nature07455. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Evans DL, Charney DS, Lewis L, Golden RN, Gorman JM, Krishnan KR, Nemeroff CB, Bremner JD, Carney RM, Coyne JC. et al.Mood disorders in the medically ill: scientific review and recommendations. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;58(3):175–189. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.05.001. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Krishnan V, Nestler EJ. Linking molecules to mood: new insight into the biology of depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(11):1305–1320. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.10030434. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms