Comparison of somatic and sexual incompatibility between Datura innoxia and Atropa belladonna

Abstract

After protoplast fusion somatic hybrid calli were obtained by complementation selection between an albino mutant of Datura innoxia and the wildtype of Atropa belladonna (Krumbiegel and Schieder, 1979. Planta 145, 371-375). In the present study experiments are described concerning leaf and shoot induction on several media supplemented with different combinations and concentrations of hormones. Except for fleshy leaves and embryos, no well-formed shoot could be obtained. However, under standard culture conditions after one and a half years, one line produced numerous green shoots, showing a reduced number of chromosomes from Atropa belladonna. The loss of some chromosomes decreased the degree of somatic incompatibility. The additional appearance of shoots with albino sectors, of total albino shoots, and of green shoots showing a different phenotype, demonstrated that the elimination of the chromosomes occurred not only once, but several times. At least one shoot nearly stable in chromosome content and green subline could be obtained possessing only 6 chromosomes of Atropa belladonna and the original chromosome number of Datura innoxia. Experiments were carried out to test the feasibility of producing sexual hybrids through in vivo and in vitro methods by cross pollination. However, no embryos, seeds, or plantlets were obtained, thus demonstrating that protoplast fusion is the only possibility for obtaining hybrids between these two species.