Neonatal hearing screening--experience from a tertiary care hospital in southern India

Abstract

Objective: To implement a neonatal hearing screening program using automated auditory brainstem response audiometry in a tertiary care set-up and assess the prevalence of neonatal hearing loss.

Design: Descriptive study.

Setting: Tertiary care hospital in Southern India.

Participants: 9448 babies born in the hospital over a period of 11 months.

Intervention: The neonates were subjected to a two stage sequential screening using the BERAphone. Neonates suspected of hearing loss underwent confirmatory testing using auditory steady state response audiometry. In addition, serological testing for TORCH infections, and connexin 26 gene was done.

Main outcome measures: Feasibility of the screening program, prevalence of neonatal hearing loss and risk factors found in association with neonatal hearing loss.

Results: 164 babies were identified as suspected for hearing loss, but of which, only 58 visited the audiovestibular clinic. Among 45 babies who had confirmatory testing, 39 were confirmed to have hearing loss and were rehabilitated appropriately. 30 babies had one or more risk factors; 6 had evidence of TORCH infection and 1 had connexin 26 gene mutation.

Conclusion: Neonatal hearing screening using BERAphone is a feasible service. The estimated prevalence of confirmed hearing loss was comparable to that in literature. Overcoming the large numbers of loss to follow-up proves to be a challenge in the implementation of such a program.