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. 2013 Dec 2;52(49):13067-70.
doi: 10.1002/anie.201305382. Epub 2013 Nov 7.

Elucidating the neurotoxicity of the star fruit

Norberto Garcia-Cairasco  1 , Miguel Moyses-Neto, Flavio Del Vecchio, José A C Oliveira, Francisco L dos Santos, Olagide W Castro, Gabriel M Arisi, Márcio Dantas, Ruither O G Carolino, Joaquim Coutinho-Netto, Andre L A Dagostin, Marcelo C A Rodrigues, Ricardo M Leão, Samir A P Quintiliano, Luiz F Silva Jr, Leonardo Gobbo-Neto, Norberto P Lopes
Affiliations

Elucidating the neurotoxicity of the star fruit

Norberto Garcia-Cairasco et al. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. .

Abstract

Caramboxin: Patients suffering from chronic kidney disease are frequently intoxicated after ingesting star fruit. The main symptoms of this intoxication are named in the picture. Bioguided chemical procedures resulted in the discovery of caramboxin, which is a phenylalanine-like molecule that is responsible for intoxication. Functional experiments in vivo and in vitro point towards the glutamatergic ionotropic molecular actions of caramboxin, which explains its convulsant and neurodegenerative properties.

Keywords: natural products; neurological agents; neurotoxins; receptors; star fruit.

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