A review of 11 years of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia blood isolates at a tertiary care institute in Canada
- PMID: 24294268
- PMCID: PMC3597391
- DOI: 10.1155/2012/762571
A review of 11 years of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia blood isolates at a tertiary care institute in Canada
Abstract
Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as a significant nosocomial pathogen with increasing resistance to trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), the current drug of choice for treatment.
Objectives: To describe the microbiological and clinical characteristics of S maltophilia bloodstream infections (BSIs) over an 11-year period at a tertiary care centre in Canada.
Methods: All adult S maltophilia BSIs from 1999 to 2009 in a 750-bed tertiary care teaching hospital (University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta) were identified through the infection control nosocomial infection surveillance program. Demographic and clinical data were extracted from the infection control database and from patient charts. Microbiological data were confirmed through the laboratory information system.
Results: Twenty-five episodes of S maltophilia BSI (0.9% of all BSIs) involving 24 patients were identified between 1999 and 2009. The patient age range was 18 to 83 years (average 45.7 years). The majority were men (14 of 24 [58.3%]). The mean length of hospital stay was 83.3 days (range eight to 310 days). The rate of S maltophilia BSIs per 1000 admissions ranged from 0.04 to 0.22 (average 0.09). Greater than one-half of the episodes (13 of 25 [52%]) were admitted to the intensive care unit before BSI onset. Laboratory data were available for 24 of the 25 isolates. Polymicrobial infections were present in 11 of 24 (45.8%) patients. Resistance to TMP/SMX occurred in 8.3% of all infections. Fifteen per cent of isolates were resistant to ticarcillin/clavulanate. Mortality attributed to bacteremia was 16.7%.
Conclusions: In the University of Alberta Hospital, the rate of S maltophilia BSI remains low and constant, and TMP/SMX remains the drug of choice for treatment.
Historique: Le Stenotrophomonas maltophilia a émergé comme un pathogène nosocomial important de plus en plus résistant au triméthoprim-sulphaméthoxazole (TMP-SMX), le traitement de choix actuel.
Objectifs: Décrire les caractéristiques microbiologiques et cliniques des infections du sang (IS) à S maltophilia sur une période de onze ans dans un centre de soins tertiaires du Canada.
Méthodologie: Les chercheurs ont retenu tous les adultes ayant contracté une IS à S maltophilia entre 1999 et 2009 dans un hôpital d’enseignement de soins tertiaires de 750 lits (University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta) par le programme de surveillance des infections nosocomiales du Contrôle des infections. Ils ont tiré les données démographiques et cliniques des bases de données du Contrôle des infections et des dossiers des patients. Ils ont confirmé les données microbiologiques par le système d’information en laboratoire.
Résultats: Les chercheurs ont constaté 25 épisodes d’IS à S maltophilia (0,9 % de toutes les IS), touchant 24 patients entre 1999 et 2009. Les patients avaient de 18 à 83 ans (moyenne de 45,7 ans), étaient majoritairement de sexe masculin (14 sur 24 [58,3 %]) et ils avaient été hospitalisés pendant une durée moyenne de 83,3 jours (plage de huit à 310 jours). Le taux d’IS à S maltophilia sur 1 000 hospitalisations oscillait entre 0,04 et 0,22 (moyenne 0,09). Plus de la moitié des épisodes (13 sur 25 [52 %]) s’étaient produits chez des patients hospitalisés à l’unité de soins intensifs avant l’apparition de l’IS. Les chercheurs possédaient les données de laboratoire de 24 des 25 isolats et ont relevé des infections polymicrobiennes chez 11 des 24 patients (45,8 %). Ils ont observé une résistance au TMP-SMX dans 8,3 % de toutes les infections. Quinze pour cent des isolats étaient résistants à la ticarcilline-clavulanate. La mortalité attribuée à la bactériémie s’élevait à 16,7 %.
Conclusions: À l’University of Alberta Hospital, le taux d’IS à S maltophilia demeure faible et constant, et le TMP-SMX demeure le médicament de choix pour traiter cette infection.
Keywords: Bloodstream infections; Catheter-related infections; Stenotrophomonas.
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