Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2013 Dec 2:6:225-33.
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S46002. eCollection 2013.

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens from pregnant women with urinary tract infection in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Rc Onoh  1 , Ouj Umeora, Ve Egwuatu, Po Ezeonu, Tjp Onoh
Affiliations

Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens from pregnant women with urinary tract infection in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Rc Onoh et al. Infect Drug Resist. .

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection during pregnancy and a significant cause of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The causative bacteria have remained virtually the same although with variations in individual prevalence. There has been an increasing resistance by these bacteria to the commonly available antibiotics.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of UTI, the common causative bacteria, and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern among pregnant women with UTI.

Methodology: This is a descriptive study that was carried out at the Obstetrics Department of two tertiary institutions in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria (Federal Medical Center and Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital) over a period of 12 months. Midstream urine specimens from selected pregnant women with clinical features of UTI were collected for microscopy, culture, and sensitivity. The results were analyzed with the 2008 Epi Info™ software.

Results: A total of 542 pregnant women presented with symptoms of UTI and were recruited for the study over the study period. Of the 542 pregnant women, 252 (46.5%) had significant bacteriuria with positive urine culture and varying antibiotic sensitivity pattern. The prevalence of symptomatic UTI was 3%. Escherichia coli was the most common bacteria isolated with a percentage of 50.8%. Other isolated micro organisms included Stapylococcus aereus (52 cultures, 20.6%), Proteus mirabilis (24 cultures, 9.5%), S. saprophyticus (18 cultures, 7.1%), Streptococcus spp. (14 cultures, 5.6%), Citrobacter spp. (5 cultures, 2.0%), Klebsiella spp. (4 cultures, 1.6%), Enterobacter spp. (4 cultures, 1.6%), and Pseudomonas spp. (3 cultures, 1.2%). Levofloxacin had the highest overall antibiotic sensitivity of 92.5%. Others with overall antibiotic sensitivity pattern greater than 50% included cefpodoxime (87.3%), ofloxacin (77.4%), ciprofloxacin (66.7%), ceftriaxone (66.7%), and gentamicin (50.8%).

Conclusion: E. coli was the most common etiological agent of UTI in pregnancy with Enterococcus (Staphylococcus) gaining prominence. Cephalosporin and quinolones were shown to be very effective against the organisms causing UTI in these pregnant women.

Keywords: antibiotic sensitivity pattern; pregnancy; urinary tract infection; uropathogens.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Pie chart showing uropathogens isolated from pregnant women with urinary tract infection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Line graph showing antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens with drugs that showed overall sensitivity pattern of ≥50%.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Bar graph showing antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens with drugs that showed individual sensitivity pattern of ≥50%.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Addo VN. Urinary Tract Infection in pregnancy. In: Kwawukume EY, Emuveyan EE, editors. Comprehensive Obstetrics in the Tropics. Dansoman: Asante and Hittscher Printing Press Limited; 2002. pp. 261–267.
    1. Cunningham FG, Gant NF, Leveno KJ, Gilstrap LC, III, Hauth JC, Wenstrom KD. Renal and Urinary Tract Disorders. In: Andrea Seils, Noujaim SR, Daris K., editors. Williams Obstetrics. 21st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Divsion; 2001. pp. 1251–1272.
    1. Borchert D, Sheridan L, Papatsoris A, et al. Prevention and treatment of urinary tract infection with probiotics: review and research perspective. Indian J Urol. 2008;24(2):139–144. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mathia E, Thomas RJ, Chandy S, Mathai M, Bergstrom S. Antimicrobials for the treatment of urinary tract infection in pregnancy: practice in southern India. Pharmacoepidermiol Drug Saf. 2004;13(9):645–652. - PubMed
    1. Johnson EK, Wolf JS. Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnancy. [Accessed October 12, 2013];Medscape. Available from: http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/452604-overview.

LinkOut - more resources