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. 2014;8(1):85-94.
doi: 10.2217/bmm.13.106.

Urinary biomarkers track the progression of nephropathy in hypertensive and obese rats

Qin Zhang  1 , Kelly J Davis, Dana Hoffmann, Vishal S Vaidya, Ronald P Brown, Peter L Goering
Affiliations

Urinary biomarkers track the progression of nephropathy in hypertensive and obese rats

Qin Zhang et al. Biomark Med. 2014.

Abstract

Aims: To determine whether urinary biomarkers of acute kidney injury can be used to monitor the progression of chronic kidney injury in a rat model of hypertension and obesity.

Materials & methods: A suite of novel urinary biomarkers were used to track the progression of kidney damage in SHROB and SHR-lean rats.

Results: Urinary albumin, NAG, clusterin, osteopontin, RPA-1 and fibrinogen levels were significantly elevated over time and were closely associated with the severity of histopathologically determined nephropathy in both SHROB and SHR-lean rats.

Conclusion: Urinary biomarkers, such as albumin, fibrinogen, NAG, clusterin, RPA-1 and osteopontin, may serve as useful tools to track the progression of chronic kidney disease associated with hypertension and obesity.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Representative photomicrographs of chronic nephropathy in SHROB and SHR-lean rats at the end of study (week 39)
(A) (×2.5) and (B) (×10): photomicrographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained kidneys of SHROB rats; (C) (×2.5) and (D) (×10): photomicrographs of SHR-lean rats. Arrow indicates basement membrane thickening around Bowman’s capsule. Arrowhead indicates enlarged glomerulus with sclerosis. Asterisks indicate dilated tubules that are empty or contain pale to brightly eosinophilic protein casts.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Expression of urinary biomarkers in SHROB and SHR-lean rats from 18 to 36 weeks of age
(A) NAG, (B) albumin, (C) clusterin, (D) osteopontin, (E) fibrinogen, (F) Kim-1, (G) NGAL, (H) α-GST, (I) GST-Yb1 and (J) RPA-1. All the above urinary biomarkers are normalized by urinary Cr concentration. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation for each group (n = 9 SHROB rats; n = 10 SHR-lean rats). *Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with rats at 18 weeks of age in SHROB group. **Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with rats at 18 weeks of age in SHR-lean group. Cr: Creatinine.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Expression of urinary biomarkers in SHROB and SHR-lean rats from 18 to 36 weeks of age
(A) NAG, (B) albumin, (C) clusterin, (D) osteopontin, (E) fibrinogen, (F) Kim-1, (G) NGAL, (H) α-GST, (I) GST-Yb1 and (J) RPA-1. All the above urinary biomarkers are normalized by urinary Cr concentration. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation for each group (n = 9 SHROB rats; n = 10 SHR-lean rats). *Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with rats at 18 weeks of age in SHROB group. **Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) compared with rats at 18 weeks of age in SHR-lean group. Cr: Creatinine.
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