Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2014 Feb;23(2):274-81.
doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0865. Epub 2013 Dec 10.

Prevalence of HIV Infection among U.S. Hodgkin lymphoma cases

Meredith S Shiels  1 , Erik H Koritzinsky, Christina A Clarke, Gita Suneja, Lindsay M Morton, Eric A Engels
Affiliations

Prevalence of HIV Infection among U.S. Hodgkin lymphoma cases

Meredith S Shiels et al. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2014 Feb.

Abstract

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma is uncommon in the U.S. general population; however, Hodgkin lymphoma risk is elevated in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Thus, despite the low HIV prevalence in the United States, the HIV epidemic may have contributed substantially to the general population burden of Hodgkin lymphoma.

Methods: We used data from 14 U.S. cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program that recorded HIV status of Hodgkin lymphoma cases at diagnosis during 2000 to 2010. We computed the HIV prevalence in Hodgkin lymphoma cases by demographic and tumor characteristics, the proportion of deaths among Hodgkin lymphoma cases because of HIV, and 5-year mortality by HIV status.

Results: Of 22,355 Hodgkin lymphoma cases, 848 (3.79%) were HIV infected at diagnosis. HIV prevalence in Hodgkin lymphoma cases was greater among males than females (6.0% vs. 1.2%). Among males, HIV prevalence was greatest among 40- to 59-year-olds (14.2%), non-Hispanic blacks (16.9%), Hispanics (9.9%), and among cases of lymphocyte-depleted (15.1%), and mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma (10.5%). Eight percent of male and 1.5% of female Hodgkin lymphoma cases died from HIV. Five-year mortality was two-fold higher in HIV-infected Hodgkin lymphoma cases (36.9% vs. 17.5%).

Conclusion: In the United States, a substantial proportion of lymphocyte-depleted and mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma cases and Hodgkin lymphoma cases among non-Hispanic black, Hispanic, and middle-aged men are HIV infected. In addition, HIV is an important cause of death among Hodgkin lymphoma cases.

Impact: Clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of HIV in certain subgroups of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and routine HIV testing should be recommended for all patients presenting with Hodgkin lymphoma.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Proportion of Hodgkin lymphoma cases in each 5-year age group in 14 SEER registries during 2000–2010, by HIV status. The solid line indicates HIV-uninfected HL cases and the dashed line indicates HIV-infected cases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Five-year overall and cause-specific survival of Hodgkin lymphoma cases by HIV status in 14 SEER registries during 2000–2010. Panel A includes HIV-uninfected HL cases, and panel B includes HIV-infected HL cases. In both panels, the solid line indicates overall mortality and the dashed line indicates Hodgkin lymphoma-specific mortality. In panel B, the dotted line indicates the sum of HIV and Hodgkin lymphoma-specific mortality.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Shiels MS, Cole SR, Kirk GD, Poole C. A meta-analysis of the incidence of non-AIDS cancers in HIV-infected individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009;52:611–622. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bohlius J, Schmidlin K, Boue F, Fatkenheuer G, May M, Caro-Murillo AM, et al. HIV-1-related Hodgkin lymphoma in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: incidence and evolution of CD4(+) T-cell lymphocytes. Blood. 2011;117:6100–6108. - PubMed
    1. Guiguet M, Boue F, Cadranel J, Lang JM, Rosenthal E, Costagliola D. Effect of immunodeficiency, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy on the risk of individual malignancies (FHDH-ANRS CO4): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10:1152–1159. - PubMed
    1. Glaser SL, Clarke CA, Gulley ML, Craig FE, DiGiuseppe JA, Dorfman RF, et al. Population-based patterns of human immunodeficiency virus-related Hodgkin lymphoma in the Greater San Francisco Bay Area, 1988–1998. Cancer. 2003;98:300–309. - PubMed
    1. Biggar RJ, Jaffe ES, Goedert JJ, Chaturvedi A, Pfeiffer R, Engels EA. Hodgkin lymphoma and immunodeficiency in persons with HIV/AIDS. Blood. 2006;108:3786–3791. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types