Safety of second-generation rotavirus vaccines, intussusception

Abstract

Purpose of review: This article discusses new data available on the safety of the second-generation rotavirus vaccines both in the United States and internationally.

Recent findings: Second-generation rotavirus vaccines are both highly effective against rotavirus disease. Recent data from passive and active surveillance systems in the United States indicate that RV1 and RV5 vaccines may possibly cause a small increase in the risk of intussusception; an estimated 1-3 US infants out of 100 000 might develop intussusception within 7 days of getting their first dose of rotavirus vaccine. Parents and health providers should be aware of the small risk of intussusception, the signs and symptoms of intussusception, and the need for prompt care.

Summary: Taking into consideration available data on the benefits and risks, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) continues to recommend that all US infants receive rotavirus vaccine based on the age and precaution/contraindication criteria. The benefits of RV5 and RV1 outweigh the small excess risk of intussusception. Safety monitoring will continue, both in the United States and internationally, to further quantitate the intussusception risk following each vaccine.