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. 2014 Feb 26;26(8):1289-94.
doi: 10.1002/adma.201304503. Epub 2013 Dec 12.

Large enhancement of quantum dot fluorescence by highly scalable nanoporous gold

Ling Zhang  1 , Yunke Song, Takeshi Fujita, Ye Zhang, Mingwei Chen, Tza-Huei Wang
Affiliations

Large enhancement of quantum dot fluorescence by highly scalable nanoporous gold

Ling Zhang et al. Adv Mater. .

Abstract

Dealloyed nanoporous gold (NPG) dramatically enhances quantum dot (QD) fluorescence by amplifying near-field excitation and increasing the radiative decay rate. Originating from plasmonic coupling, the fluorescence enhancement is highly dependent upon the nanopore size of the NPG. In contrast to other nanoengineered metallic structures, NPG exhibits fluorescence enhancement of QDs over a large substrate surface.

Keywords: metal enhanced fluorescence; nanoporous gold (NPG); quantum dots (QD).

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Fabrication and microstructure of dealloyed nanoporous gold. (a) Schematic of the fabrication process of NPG substrates (b) Photographs and microstructure of as-prepared NPG films. (c) 3D electron tomographic image of a representative NPG film. (d) Tunable ligament and pore sizes as a function of etching time. The insets are the top-view SEM micrographs of NPG films with different pore sizes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
TEM images of quantum dots assembled in the nanopore channels of NPG: (a) QD605; and (b) QD525. 2nM QD aqueous solution is used in the experiment.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Measurements of fluorescence enhancement of single QDs as a function of pore sizes of NPG. (a) Fluorescence image of QD605 on NPG. (b) A 10ms trace of single QD605 fluorescence. The sudden intensity change (on-off) as a result of fluorescent blinking is characteristic of single QD fluorescence. (c) Box plot of single QD605 fluorescence intensity on NPG of various pore sizes. The fluorescence intensity of each QD is determined as the difference between “on” and “off” states. (d) Fluorescence image of QD525 on NPG. (e) A 10ms trace of single QD525 fluorescence. (f) Box plot of single QD525 fluorescence intensity on NPG of various pore sizes. 20pM QD aqueous solution is used in the experiment.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Fluorescence spectra of QD605 (a) and QD525 (b) on glass slide, flat gold and the NPG films. (c) and (d) show the QD605 and QD525 fluorescence enhancements by the NPG substrates, respectively, as a function of the pore sizes. The enhancement factors were determined as the ratio of the peak intensity of QDs on the NPG and the glass slide. (e) and (f) show the emission peak position of QD605 and QD525, respectively, on the NPG, non-porous gold substrate and glass slide. 2nM QD aqueous solution is used in the experiment.
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