Granuloma faciale: a rare disease from a dermoscopy perspective

Abstract

The granuloma faciale is a rare and benign skin disease of unknown etiology, characterized by chronic leukocitoclastic vasculitis. It is characterized by skin lesions predominantly facial whose course is chronic and slowly progressive. The diagnosis is based on clinical features, histopathology and, more recently, in dermoscopy. We describe the case of a male patient, 40 years old, with a sarcoid lesion on the malar site, whose histopathological examination revealed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with presence of Grenz zone. Dermoscopy revealed a pink background with white striations. The definitive diagnosis is made by histopathologic evaluation, and dermatoscopy can be helpful. It is known to be resistant to therapy, oral medications, intralesional and surgical procedures are options.

FIGURE 1

Pretreatment. Erythematous plaque, infiltrated, on the right malar region, with prominent follicular orifices, with a "peau d'orange" aspect

FIGURE 2

Dermoscopy. Pink background with some areas blackened, white striations in different directions and prominent follicular orifices

FIGURE 3

Histopathology. Intense mixed inflammatory infiltrate of micronodular aspect, preserving the subepidermal region (Grenz zone)

FIGURE 4

Post treatment. Partial improvement on clinical aspect after nine months of treatment