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. 2013 Dec 16;13(12):17346-61.
doi: 10.3390/s131217346.

A practical monitoring system for the structural safety of mega-trusses using wireless vibrating wire strain gauges

Hyo Seon Park, Hwan Young Lee, Se Woon Choi, Yousok Kim  1
Affiliations

A practical monitoring system for the structural safety of mega-trusses using wireless vibrating wire strain gauges

Hyo Seon Park et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Sensor technologies have been actively employed in structural health monitoring (SHM) to evaluate structural safety. To provide stable and real-time monitoring, a practical wireless sensor network system (WSNS) based on vibrating wire strain gauges (VWSGs) is proposed and applied to a building under construction. In this WSNS, the data measured from each VWSG are transmitted to the sensor node via a signal line and then transmitted to the master node through a short-range wireless communication module (operating on the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band). The master node also employs a long-range wireless communication module (Code Division Multiple Access-CDMA) to transmit the received data from the sensor node to a server located in a remote area, which enables a manager to examine the measured data in real time without any time or location restrictions. In this study, a total of 48 VWSGs, 14 sensor nodes, and seven master nodes were implemented to measure long-term strain variations of mega-trusses in an irregular large-scale building under construction. Based on strain data collected over a 16-month period, a quantitative evaluation of the construction process was performed to determine the aspects that exhibit the greatest influence on member behavior and to conduct a comparison with numerical simulation results. The effect of temperature stress on the structural elements was also analyzed. From these observations, the feasibility of a long-term WSNS based on VWSGs to evaluate the structural safety of an irregular building under construction was confirmed.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
WSNS.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
VWSG.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Wireless nodes. (a) Sensor node; (b) Master node.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Structural frames.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
WSNS for the D-Building.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Application site during construction. (a) Mega-truss (A6 and A7 areas) during construction; (b) VWSG and sensor node of zone A3 in the D-Building.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Removal schedule of temporary bents.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Construction events and strain of A6-01.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Structural safety during construction events.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Stress changes before and after bent removal. (a) Zone A; (b) Zone B.
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Relationship between temperature and strain (A6-01).
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Change in thermal coefficient (R) of A6-01.
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