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Multicenter Study
. 2013 Dec 19:10:E212.
doi: 10.5888/pcd10.130198.

Overweight, obesity, and perception of body image among slum residents in Nairobi, Kenya, 2008-2009

Remare Ettarh  1 , Steven Van de Vijver  2 , Sam Oti  2 , Catherine Kyobutungi  2
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Overweight, obesity, and perception of body image among slum residents in Nairobi, Kenya, 2008-2009

Remare Ettarh et al. Prev Chronic Dis. .

Abstract

Introduction: The increase in cardiovascular diseases in sub-Saharan Africa has been attributed in part to the changes in lifestyle, and the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease is higher among urban populations than among nonurban populations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and examine perceptions of body size differentiated by sex and other determinants among slum dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya.

Methods: Analysis included 4,934 adults randomly selected from the Korogocho and Viwandani slums of Nairobi. Height and weight were measured during interviews; body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Perceptions of current and ideal body image were determined by using 18 silhouette drawings of body sizes ranging from very thin to very obese. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of underestimation of body weight among overweight and obese respondents.

Results: Overall, 43.4% of women and 17.3% of men in the study population were overweight or obese. More than half (53%) of those who were overweight or obese underestimated their weight; 34.6% of women and 16.9% of men did so. In all BMI categories, more than one-third of women and men preferred body sizes classified as overweight or obese.

Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the strong preference for larger body size among adults in the slums of Nairobi. Interventions to educate residents on the health risks associated with excess body weight are necessary as a part of strategies to reduce the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in these settlements.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Body image rating scale for men and women. Images 1 through 5 represent people who are underweight, images 6 through 9 represent people of normal weight, images 10 through 13 represent overweight people, and images 14 through18 represent obese people (11).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Ideal body image, by current body mass index (BMI) and sex. Survey participants were asked to indicate the body size they wished to have. [Table: see text]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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