Instrumental exams performance can be a contributing factor to the delay in diagnosis of migraine

Abstract

Background: Diagnostic delay is a recognized drawback for a correct management of migraine patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship among number and type of examinations performed and diagnostic delay in migraine diagnosis.

Methods: We enrolled 500 subjects referred to our Headache Center for a migraine without aura. We analyzed the relationship among diagnostic delay, number of examinations performed and performance of each single test by a Cox regression model and an ordinal logistic regression model.

Results: Each individual exam increased a diagnostic delay of at least 12 months (p < 0.05, Cox regression model). Brain CT as the first diagnostic approach had a reduced risk of delay of more than 5 years (OR 0.632, 95% CI 0.71-0.56, p < 0.05, ordinal regression model).

Conclusions: The number of instrumental examinations seems to significantly influence the diagnostic delay. This aspect contributes to increase health care costs, the risk of pain chronicization and pharmacological treatment misuse.