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. 2013;9(12):e1003794.
doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003794. Epub 2013 Dec 26.

Host susceptibility factors to bacterial infections in type 2 diabetes

Yunn-Hwen Gan  1
Affiliations

Host susceptibility factors to bacterial infections in type 2 diabetes

Yunn-Hwen Gan. PLoS Pathog. 2013.
No abstract available

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Conflict of interest statement

The author has declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Glutathione ratio affects intracellular bacterial control via the IL-12–IFNγ axis .
A decreased glutathione ratio in monocytes results in reduced IL-12 production. IL-12 induces the production of IFNγ from natural killer (NK) and T cells. IFNγ is necessary to activate the infected monocytes to become bactericidal for killing of intracellular B. pseudomallei (B. p.) and M. tuberculosis (M. tb.). The IL-12 response from monocytes infected with B. p. is dependent on TRIF and MyD88 adaptors, yet these signaling pathways do not seem to be affected by the GSH ratio . Perhaps another signaling pathway mediated by an intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PRR) is also necessary for IL-12 induction, and this pathway is modulated by GSH. The effect of GSH on diabetic NK cell and neutrophil function in response to B. p. is currently under investigation. In tuberculosis, indirect evidence where GSH was added to healthy NK cells and neutrophils in vitro shows increased cellular control of M. tb. .
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