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Clinical Trial
. 2013 Dec 30;8(12):e85111.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085111. eCollection 2013.

Phonological recoding in error detection: a cross-sectional study in beginning readers of Dutch

Eva Van Assche  1 , Wouter Duyck  1 , Robert J Hartsuiker  1
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Phonological recoding in error detection: a cross-sectional study in beginning readers of Dutch

Eva Van Assche et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The present cross-sectional study investigated the development of phonological recoding in beginning readers of Dutch, using a proofreading task with pseudohomophones and control misspellings. In Experiment 1, children in grades 1 to 3 rejected fewer pseudohomophones (e.g., wein, sounding like wijn 'wine') as spelling errors than control misspellings (e.g., wijg). The size of this pseudohomophone effect was larger in grade 1 than in grade 2 and did not differ between grades 2 and 3. In Experiment 2, we replicated the pseudohomophone effect in beginning readers and we tested how orthographic knowledge may modulate this effect. Children in grades 2 to 4 again detected fewer pseudohomophones than control misspellings and this effect decreased between grades 2 and 3 and between grades 3 and 4. The magnitude of the pseudohomophone effect was modulated by the development of orthographic knowledge: its magnitude decreased much more between grades 2 and 3 for more advanced spellers, than for less advanced spellers. The persistence of the pseudohomophone effect across all grades illustrates the importance of phonological recoding in Dutch readers. At the same time, the decreasing pseudohomophone effect across grades indicates the increasing influence of orthographic knowledge as reading develops.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Mean proportion correctly classified pseudohomophone and control misspellings as a function of Grade in Experiment 1.
Error bars show standard errors. Proportions are based on 6 items per condition.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Mean proportion correctly spelled base words for less and more advanced spellers as a function of Grade in Experiment 2.
Error bars show standard errors. Proportions are based on 12 items per condition.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Mean proportion correctly classified pseudohomophone and control misspellings as a function of Grade in Experiment 2.
Error bars show standard errors. Proportions are based on 12 items per condition.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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