Calibration and cross-validation of a wrist-worn Actigraph in young preschoolers

Abstract

Objective: To calibrate the Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer for wrist-worn placement in young preschoolers by developing intensity thresholds for sedentary, low- and high-intensity physical activity. Furthermore, to cross-validate the developed thresholds in young preschoolers.

Methods: Actigraph GT3X+ was used to measure physical activity during structured activities and free play in 38 children (15-36 months). Activity was video recorded and scored into sedentary, low- and high-intensity physical activity based on Children's Activity Rating Scale (CARS) and combined with accelerometer data using a 5 s epoch. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to develop intensity thresholds in 26 randomly selected children. The remaining 12 children were used for cross-validation.

Results: Intensity thresholds for sedentary were ≤89 vertical counts (Y) and ≤221 vector magnitude (VM) counts per 5 s and ≥440 Y counts and ≥730 VM counts per 5 s for high-intensity physical activity. Sensitivity and specificity were 60-100% for the developed intensity thresholds. Strong correlations (Spearman rank correlation 0.69-0.91) were found in the cross-validation sample between the developed thresholds for the accelerometer and CARS scoring time in all intensity categories.

Conclusion: The developed intensity thresholds appear valid to categorize sedentary behaviour and physical activity intensity categories in children 2 years of age.

Keywords: Accelerometry; children; physical activity; toddler.