Short-term caraway extract administration improves cardiovascular disease risk markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a dose-response study

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the effects of caraway plant on blood levels of glucose, lipid profile, and C-reactive protein in diabetic rats.

Methods: Thirty two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: group 1: nondiabetic control rats, group 2: diabetic rats, group 3, and 4 (caraway treated diabetic groups): each rat was treated with caraway at doses of 1 g/kg in group 3 and 2 g/kg in group 4. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. Caraway was administered as aqueous extract orally once a day for 3 weeks. Finally, blood samples were collected and fasting blood glucose, serum lipid profile, and C-reactive protein levels were determined. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way Analysis of Variance and considered to be significant when p < .05.

Results: Diabetic rats receiving 1 and 2 g/kg caraway extracts had significantly lower total cholesterol (p = .036 and p = .010, respectively), low-density lipoprotein (p = .001 and p = .002, respectively), non-HDL-C (p = .003 and p = .007, respectively), LDL-C to HDL-C ratio (p = .002) and atherogenic index (p = .001) than that of diabetic control rats. Moreover, there were significant changes in fasting blood glucose in diabetic groups treated with 1 and 2 g/kg caraway extracts (p = .001 and p = .027, respectively) compared with the diabetic control. However, caraway did not have any significant effect on C-reactive protein level in diabetic rats.

Conclusion: This study suggests that caraway can exhibit blood glucose and lipid lowering activities in diabetes, without any effect on C-reactive protein level.