Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; Department of Neurology, NHS Forth Valley, Larbert, UK. Electronic address: malcolm.macleod@ed.ac.uk.
• ² Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
• ³ Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
• ⁴ Center for Stroke Research, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
• ⁵ James Lind Initiative, Oxford, UK.
• ⁶ Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Statistics, School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
• ⁷ Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.
• ⁸ Women's College Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
• ⁹ Centre for Research in Evidence-Based Practice, Bond University, Robina, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.