Racial Differences in Blood Lipids Lead to Underestimation of Cardiovascular Risk in Black Women in a Nested observational Study
- PMID: 24416666
- PMCID: PMC3833531
- DOI: 10.7453/gahmj.2012.076
Racial Differences in Blood Lipids Lead to Underestimation of Cardiovascular Risk in Black Women in a Nested observational Study
Abstract
Background: During screening for enrollment in a clinical trial, we noticed potential racial disparities in metabolic syndrome variables in women who responded to our study advertisement. We designed a nested observational study to investigate whether metabolic syndrome variables differed between non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic whites.
Methods: The cohort comprised of women who have met the preliminary clinical trial criteria (body mass index [BMI] 25-45, age 20-75 years, and no use of lipid-lowering medications or supplements). These women, including 116 blacks and 138 whites, provided fasting blood samples for analysis of serum lipid profile.
Results: Blacks had lower mean triglycerides (81.1 ± 3.3 mg/dL vs 140.6 ± 5.9 mg/dL; P < .0001), total cholesterol (176.1 ± 3.6 mg/dL vs 201.6 ± 3.3 mg/dL; P < .0001), and low-density lipoprotein (111.7 ± 3.3 mg/dL vs 128.2 ± 2.9 mg/dL; P < .001) and higher mean BMI (37.2 ± 0.5 vs 35.2 ± 0.5; P < .01) and diastolic blood pressure (82.4 ± 0.8 mmHg vs 79.4 ± 0.7 mmHg; P < .01) than whites. Only 7% of blacks, compared with 41% of whites, had triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL; as a result, fewer black women met metabolic syndrome criteria than white women. Additionally, in women with waist circumference ≥88 cm (N = 215), high-density lipoprotein was higher in blacks than in whites (48.3 ± 1.5 mg/dL vs 44.2 ±1.3 mg/dL; P < .05).
Conclusions: Due to racial differences in blood lipids, current metabolic syndrome criteria may result in underestimation of cardiovascular risk in blacks.
背景:在甄选临床试验中的注册 人员过程中,我们从回应了我们 的研究宣传的妇女中,注意到代 谢综合症在变量上的潜在种族差 异。我们设计了一种巢式观察研 究,调查代谢综合征的变量在非 西班牙裔黑人与非西班牙裔白人 之间是否有所不同。方法:该人群包括满足了初步临 床试验条件的妇女(身体质量指 数 [BMI] 25-45,年龄 20-75 岁, 且不使用降脂药物或补品)。这 些妇女(包括 116 名黑人和 138 名白人)提供了空腹血样以供进 行血清血脂分析。方法:该人群包括满足了初步临床试 验条件的妇女(身体质量指数 [BMI] 25-45,年龄 20-75 岁,且不使用降 脂药物或补品)。这些妇女(包括 116 名黑人和 138 名白人)提供了空 腹血样以供进行血清血脂分析。 结果:与白人相比,黑人的甘油三 脂平均值偏低(81.1 ± 3.3 mg/dL 对 140.6 ± 5.9 mg/dL;P < .0001 )、总胆固醇(176.1 ± 3.6 mg/dL 对 201.6 ± 3.3 mg/dL; P < .0001)和低密度的脂蛋白 (111.7 ± 3.3 mg/dL 对 128.2 ± 2.9 mg/dL;P < .001)以及更高的 平均 BMI(37.2 ± 0.5 对 35.2 ± 0.5;P < .01)和舒张压(82.4 ± 0.8 mmHg 对 79.4 ± 0.7 mmHg;P < .01)。与 41% 的白人相比,仅 有 7% 的黑人甘油三脂 ≥150 mg/ dL;结果显示,与白人相比,黑人 妇女达到代谢综合症标准的较少。 另外,在腰围 ≥88 cm (N = 215) 的妇女当中,黑人的高密度脂蛋白 比白人高(48.3 ± 1.5 mg/dL 对 44.2 ± 1.3 mg/dL;P < .05)。结论:由于血脂方面的种族差异, 当前的代谢综合症标准可能会导致 低估黑人的心血管风险。
Fundamentación: Durante la selección para la inscripción en un ensayo clínico, observamos posibles diferencias raciales en las variables del síndrome metabólico en las mujeres que respondieron a nuestro anuncio del estudio. Diseñamos un estudio observacional anidado para investigar si las variables del síndrome metabólico diferían entre las personas no hispanas negras y las blancas.
Métodos: La cohorte se compuso de mujeres que cumplían los criterios preliminares para el ensayo clínico (índice de masa corporal [IMC] de 25 a 45, edad entre 20 y 75 años y que no usen medicamentos o complementos hipolipemiantes). Estas mujeres, incluidas 116 mujeres negras y 138 blancas, proporcionaron muestras de sangre en ayunas para el análisis del perfil de lípidos séricos.
Resultados: Las mujeres negras presentaban valores medios inferiores de triglicéridos (81,1 ± 3,3 mg/dl frente a 140,6 ± 5,9 mg/dl; P < 0,0001), colesterol total (176,1 ± 3,6 mg/dl frente a 201,6 ± 3,3 mg/dl; P < 0,0001), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (111,7 ± 3,3 mg/dl frente a 128,2 ± 2,9 mg/dl; P < 0,001) y valores medios más elevados en el IMC (37,2 ± 0,5 frente a 35,2 ± 0,5; P < 0,01) y la tensión arterial diastólica (82,4 ± 0,8 mmHg frente a 79,4 ± 0,7 mmHg; P < 0,01) en relación con los de las mujeres blancas. Únicamente un 7 % de mujeres negras, en comparación con un 41 % de mujeres blancas, presentó una concentración de triglicéridos igual o superior a 150 mg/dl; como resultado, menos mujeres negras que blancas cumplían los criterios de síndrome metabólico. Además, en mujeres con perímetro de la cintura igual o superior a 88 cm (N = 215), la concentración de lipoproteínas de alta densidad en mujeres negras era superior a la de las mujeres blancas (48,3 ± 1,5 mg/dl frente 44,2 ± 1,3 mg/dl; P < 0,05).
Conclusiones: Debido a las diferencias raciales en los lípidos sanguíneos, los criterios actuales de síndrome metabólico pueden resultar en una infravaloración del riesgo cardiovascular en las personas de raza negra.
Keywords: Women; cardiovascular disease; cholesterol; metabolic syndrome; race; triglycerides.
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