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. 2014 Apr;95(Pt 4):787-792.
doi: 10.1099/vir.0.058685-0. Epub 2014 Jan 13.

Arboretum and Puerto Almendras viruses: two novel rhabdoviruses isolated from mosquitoes in Peru

Nikos Vasilakis  1   2   3 , Fanny Castro-Llanos  4 , Steven G Widen  5 , Patricia V Aguilar  1   2   3 , Hilda Guzman  3 , Carolina Guevara  4 , Roberto Fernandez  4 , Albert J Auguste  1   3 , Thomas G Wood  5 , Vsevolod Popov  1   3 , Kirk Mundal  4 , Elodie Ghedin  6 , Tadeusz J Kochel  7 , Edward C Holmes  8 , Peter J Walker  9 , Robert B Tesh  1   2   3
Affiliations

Arboretum and Puerto Almendras viruses: two novel rhabdoviruses isolated from mosquitoes in Peru

Nikos Vasilakis et al. J Gen Virol. 2014 Apr.

Abstract

Arboretum virus (ABTV) and Puerto Almendras virus (PTAMV) are two mosquito-associated rhabdoviruses isolated from pools of Psorophora albigenu and Ochlerotattus fulvus mosquitoes, respectively, collected in the Department of Loreto, Peru, in 2009. Initial tests suggested that both viruses were novel rhabdoviruses and this was confirmed by complete genome sequencing. Analysis of their 11 482 nt (ABTV) and 11 876 (PTAMV) genomes indicates that they encode the five canonical rhabdovirus structural proteins (N, P, M, G and L) with an additional gene (U1) encoding a small hydrophobic protein. Evolutionary analysis of the L protein indicates that ABTV and PTAMV are novel and phylogenetically distinct rhabdoviruses that cannot be classified as members of any of the eight currently recognized genera within the family Rhabdoviridae, highlighting the vast diversity of this virus family.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Cytopathology and ultrastructure of the viruses ABTV and PTAMV. (a) Control (non-infected) C6/36 cells. Magnification, ×200. (b) CPE seen in C6/36 cells 4 days after ABTV infection; cells are clumping together and detaching; some cells are enlarged and bloated in appearance (arrows). Magnification, ×200. (c, d) PTAMV virions inside intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Bars, 100 nm. N, Nucleus. (e) ABTV virions budding from the cell surface. Bar, 100 nm.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Organization of ABTV and PTAMV genomes. Schematic representation of the ABTV and PTAMV genome organization, where block arrows indicate the location of long ORFs, including the U1 ORF (grey shading). Shown below are the ARBV and PTAMV coding regions, designated ORFs and putative transcription regulatory sequences. The genomes of Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSIV) and Rabies virus (RABV) are also shown.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
ML phylogenetic tree of 48 rhabdovirus L protein sequences. ABTV and PTAMV are shaded and bootstrap support values (>70 %) are shown for key nodes. All horizontal branch lengths are drawn to a scale of amino acid substitutions per site, and the tree is rooted in the position observed in a broader analysis of the Rhabdoviridae. *Genera not yet formally approved by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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