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Comment
. 2014 Jan 16;40(1):8-10.
doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.12.009.

GPR109a: the missing link between microbiome and good health?

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Comment

GPR109a: the missing link between microbiome and good health?

Christian Jobin. Immunity. .

Abstract

A complex partnership between the host and the vast intestinal microbial ecosystem serves numerous biological activities including nutrition, immunity, and barrier function. In this issue of Immunity, Singh et al. (2014) demonstrate that microbial-derived butyrate mediated its protective activity against inflammation and colorectal cancer through GPR109a signaling.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Interplay between Diet, Microbiome, and Gpr109a in the Intestine
Microbiota-derived enzymatic activities generate metabolites such as butyrate and niacin from dietary fibers. Butyrate and niacin engage Gpr109a presents on intestinal epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages triggering production of cytoprotective IL-18, immunoregulatory IL-10, and class 1A aldehyde dehydrogenase (Aldh1a). This environment (IL-10, Aldh1a) favors the development of T regulatory cells (Treg) from naive T cells, while repressing generation of proinflammatory Th17 cells, thereby preventing conditions leading to the development of colitis and colitisassociated colorectal cancer.

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