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. 2014 Jan 16;12(1):300-16.
doi: 10.3390/md12010300.

Chitosan-alginate biocomposite containing fucoidan for bone tissue engineering

Jayachandran Venkatesan  1 , Ira Bhatnagar  2 , Se-Kwon Kim  3
Affiliations

Chitosan-alginate biocomposite containing fucoidan for bone tissue engineering

Jayachandran Venkatesan et al. Mar Drugs. .

Abstract

Over the last few years, significant research has been conducted in the construction of artificial bone scaffolds. In the present study, different types of polymer scaffolds, such as chitosan-alginate (Chi-Alg) and chitosan-alginate with fucoidan (Chi-Alg-fucoidan), were developed by a freeze-drying method, and each was characterized as a bone graft substitute. The porosity, water uptake and retention ability of the prepared scaffolds showed similar efficacy. The pore size of the Chi-Alg and Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffolds were measured from scanning electron microscopy and found to be 62-490 and 56-437 µm, respectively. In vitro studies using the MG-63 cell line revealed profound cytocompatibility, increased cell proliferation and enhanced alkaline phosphatase secretion in the Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffold compared to the Chi-Alg scaffold. Further, protein adsorption and mineralization were about two times greater in the Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffold than the Chi-Alg scaffold. Hence, we suggest that Chi-Alg-fucoidan will be a promising biomaterial for bone tissue regeneration.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphical representation of the chemical interaction of fucoidan incorporated alginate (Alg)-chitosan (Chi) composite scaffolds.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Fourier transform infrared spectrum of (A) chitosan, (B) alginate, (C) fucoidan, (D) Chi-Alg and (E) Chi-Alg-fucoidan.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Water uptake and retention of Chi-Alg and Chi-Alg-fucoidan composite scaffolds after 24 h. (b) Protein adsorption studies of the Chi-Alg and Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffolds in DMEM containing FBS at 37 °C at different intervals of 3 h, 12 h and 24 h. The values are the mean ± SD of a minimum of three replicates.
Figure 4
Figure 4
High and low magnification SEM micrographs of (a, b) Chi-Alg and (c, d) Chi-Alg-fucoidan; and optical microscopy images of (e) Chi-Alg and (f) Chi-Alg-fucoidan.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Cell viability of the Chi-Alg and Chi-Alg-fucoidan composite scaffolds with the MG-63 cell line.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Alkaline phosphatase activity of the Chi-Alg and Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffolds.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Quantitative measurement of minerals by the cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) method: (a) Chi-Alg and (b) Chi-Alg-fucoidan.
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