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. 2014 Mar;38(3):371-6.
doi: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.12.007. Epub 2013 Dec 11.

Flow cytometric differentiation of abnormal and normal plasma cells in the bone marrow in patients with multiple myeloma and its precursor diseases

Prashant R Tembhare  1 , Constance M Yuan  1 , David Venzon  2 , Raul Braylan  3 , Neha Korde  4 , Elisabet Manasanch  4 , Diamond Zuchlinsky  5 , Katherine Calvo  3 , Roger Kurlander  3 , Manisha Bhutani  5 , Nishant Tageja  5 , Irina Maric  3 , Marcia Mulquin  5 , Mark Roschewski  5 , Mary Kwok  4 , David Liewehr  2 , Ola Landgren  5 , Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson  6
Affiliations

Flow cytometric differentiation of abnormal and normal plasma cells in the bone marrow in patients with multiple myeloma and its precursor diseases

Prashant R Tembhare et al. Leuk Res. 2014 Mar.

Abstract

Flow cytometric (FC) enumeration of abnormal plasma cells (APCs) for diagnosis and prognostication of plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD) is challenging. We studied antigen expression in normal plasma cells (NPC) (N = 34) and APC in a series of unselected PCD (N = 59). NPC subpopulations often demonstrated CD19(-), CD20(+), CD45(-) or dim and CD56(+), an immunophenotype observed in PCD. However abnormal CD81 was only observed in APCs (APC detection sensitivity 95%; specificity 100%). We evaluated differences in antigen expression patterns among MGUS (N = 14), SMM (N = 35) and MM (N = 10), finding the combination of CD45 and CD56 helpful in differentiating MGUS from SMM and MM (p = 0.0002).

Keywords: CD81; Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance; Multiple myeloma; Normal plasma cell immunophenotype; Smoldering multiple myeloma.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors do not have any conflict of interest to report.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Immunophenotypic Analysis of Normal Plasma Cells: A: Plasma cell analysis gate based upon bright CD38 and CD138 expression and utilized in B through J. B: CD45 vs. CD19 demonstrates plasma cell population that is CD19 and CD45 negative. C: CD19 vs. CD56 demonstrates a plasma cell population that is CD19 negative and CD56 positive. D: CD20 vs. CD19 demonstrates a plasma cell population that is CD20 positive and CD19 negative. E: CD45 vs. CD20 demonstrates plasma cell population that is CD20 positive and CD45 negative. F: CD19 negative plasma cell gate (in oval) demonstrated in K. G: CD20 positive plasma cell gate (in oval) demonstrated in L. H: CD56 positive plasma cell gate (in oval) demonstrated in M. I: CD45 negative plasma cell gate (in oval) demonstrated in N. J: CD19 vrs CD81: All plasma cells are CD81 bright. K: kappa vs. lambda in CD19 negative normal plasma cells are polyclonal. L: kappa vs. lambda in CD20 positive normal plasma cells are polyclonal. M: kappa vs. lambda in CD56 positive normal plasma cells are polyclonal. N: kappa vs. lambda in CD45 negative normal plasma cells are polyclonal.
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References

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