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Observational Study
. 2015 Jan;18(1):50-8.
doi: 10.1017/S1368980013003406. Epub 2014 Jan 2.

Evaluating the diet of children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes: first results from the TEENDIAB study

Katharina Susanne Weber  1 , Jennifer Raab  1 , Florian Haupt  1 , Bärbel Aschemeier  2 , Anja Wosch  1 , Christiane Ried  1 , Olga Kordonouri  2 , Anette-Gabriele Ziegler  1 , Christiane Winkler  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Evaluating the diet of children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes: first results from the TEENDIAB study

Katharina Susanne Weber et al. Public Health Nutr. 2015 Jan.

Abstract

Objective: The development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is potentially influenced by nutrition. The aim of our study was to assess food and nutrient intakes of children at increased risk of T1D.

Design: Dietary intake of the last 4 weeks was assessed using a diet history interview. The daily nutrient and food intakes were compared with the German Dietary Reference Intakes, the Optimized Mixed Diet recommendations and those of a representative sample of children from the EsKiMo study.

Setting: Children included in the analysis participated in the prospective TEENDIAB study.

Subjects: First-degree relatives of people with T1D (n 268), aged 8-12 years.

Results: The TEENDIAB children consumed 52·0 % of their total energy from carbohydrates, 32·6 % from fat and 14·3 % from protein. Compared with the reference values, their intake was lowest for folate at 61·3 % of the reference, for iodine at 58·1 % and for vitamin D at 8·9 %, and exceeded the reference for vitamin K about 5-fold, for Na about 3·5-fold and for protein about 1·5-fold. Their nutrient intakes were similar to those of a control cohort without increased T1D risk. The consumption of non-desirable food groups (meat products, sweets/snacks) was above the recommendations and the consumption of desirable food groups (fruits, vegetables, carbohydrate-rich foods) was below the recommendations.

Conclusions: The TEENDIAB children had intakes considerably below the recommendations for vitamin D, iodine, folate and plant-based foods, and intakes above for vitamin K, Na, protein, meat products and sweets/snacks. They showed similar dietary patterns to non-risk children.

Keywords: Diet history interview DISHES Junior; Nutrition; TEENDIAB study; Type 1 diabetes.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Macronutrient intakes as a percentage of total energy intake (EN%) among the TEENDIAB children (n 268), Germany, February 2009–January 2012
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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