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. 2014 Jan;29(1):29-37.
doi: 10.1007/s12291-013-0353-9. Epub 2013 Jun 15.

Arsenic-Induced Hepatic Toxicity and Its Attenuation by Fruit Extract of Emblica officinalis (Amla) in Mice

Manish K Singh  1 , Shailendra Dwivedi  2 , Suraj S Yadav  1 , Praveen Sharma  2 , Sanjay Khattri  1
Affiliations

Arsenic-Induced Hepatic Toxicity and Its Attenuation by Fruit Extract of Emblica officinalis (Amla) in Mice

Manish K Singh et al. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2014 Jan.

Abstract

Arsenic a metalloid and environmental contaminated has been found to be associated with public health problems in the affected areas. It is naturally occurred in groundwater and its accumulation in plant and animals leads to toxicity in several tissues most notably hepatic organ. Arsenic exposures (3 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) in mice exhibited increased arsenic and Zn levels in hepatocytes associated with enhanced oxidative stress in hepatocytes while there were no significantly changes were observed in Cu level. An increase in the lipid peroxidation and decrease in the levels of reduced glutathione and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were observed in arsenic treated mice as compared to controls. Arsenic exposure in mice also caused a significant change in serum biomarkers in the SGOT, SGPT and creatinine as compared to the controls. There were no significant changes in the serum levels of total protein in these mice. Co-administration of arsenic and fruit extract of amla (500 mg/kg body weight/day for 30 days) caused a significant reduction of arsenic transference associated with significantly decreases hepatic arsenic levels and balanced the antioxidant enzyme and levels of serum hepatic enzymes like SGOT and SGPT. The results of the present study clearly demonstrate the antioxidant property of amla that could be responsible for its protective efficacy in arsenic induced hepatic toxicity.

Keywords: Arsenic; Emblicaofficinalis; Liver dysfunction; Metal estimation; Mice; Oxidative stress.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
DPPH free radical scavenging activity of fruit extract of Emblica officinalis. The concentration of extract above 20 μg/ml showed saturation in the plot indicating the radical scavenging activity of more than 90 %
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Effect of arsenic, amla and their co-treatment on the levels of lipid per oxidation in liver of mice. Values are mean ± SEM of five animals in each group a compared to control group, b compared to arsenic treated group. *Significantly differs (p < 0.05)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Effect of arsenic, amla and their co-treatment for 30 days on the levels of SOD in liver of mice. Values are mean ± SEM of five animals in each group a compared to control group, b compared to arsenic treated group, *Significantly differs (p < 0.05)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Effect of arsenic, amla and their co-treatment for 30 days on the levels of GSH in liver of mice. Values are mean ± SEM of five animals in each group a compared to control group, b compared to arsenic treated group. *Significantly differs (p < 0.05)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Effect of arsenic, amla and their co-treatment for 30 days on the levels of catlase in liver of mice. Values are mean ± SEM of five animals in each group a compared to control group, b compared to arsenic treated group. *Significantly differs (p < 0.05)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Effect of arsenic, amla and their co-treatment for 30 days on the levels of GST in liver of mice. Values are mean ± SEM of five animals in each group a compared to control group, b compared to arsenic treated group. *Significantly differs (p < 0.05)
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Effect of arsenic, amla and their co-treatment for 30 days on the levels of GPx in liver of mice. Values are mean ± SEM of five animals in each group a compared to control group, b compared to arsenic treated group. *Significantly differs (p < 0.05)
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