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. 2014 Feb 3:14:56.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-56.

NDM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase and ArmA 16S rRNA methylase producing Providencia rettgeri clinical isolates in Nepal

Tatsuya Tada, Tohru Miyoshi-Akiyama, Rajan K Dahal, Manoj K Sah, Hiroshi Ohara, Kayo Shimada, Teruo Kirikae  1 , Bharat M Pokhrel
Affiliations

NDM-1 Metallo-β-Lactamase and ArmA 16S rRNA methylase producing Providencia rettgeri clinical isolates in Nepal

Tatsuya Tada et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Drug-resistant Providencia rettgeri producing metallo-β-lactamase and 16S rRNA methylase has been reported in several countries. We analyzed P. rettgeri clinical isolates with resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides in a hospital in Nepal.

Methods: Five clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant P. rettgeri were obtained in a hospital in Nepal. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using the microdilution method and entire genomes were sequenced to determine drug-resistant genes. Epidemiological analysis was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

Results: Four of the 5 isolates were resistant to carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem), with MICs ≥16 mg/L, with the remaining isolate showing intermediate resistance to imipenem, with an MIC of 2 mg/L and susceptibility to meropenem with an MIC ≤1 mg/L. All 5 isolates had blaVEB-1. Of the 4 carbapenem-resistant strains, 3 had blaNDM-1 and 1 had blaOXA-72. All isolates were highly resistant to aminoglycosides (MICs ≥1,024 mg/L) and harbored armA. As the result of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern analysis in the 5 P. rettgeri isolates, 4 had identical PFGE patterns and the fifth showed 95.7% similarity.

Conclusions: This is the first report describing multidrug-resistant P. rettgeri strains harboring blaNDM-1 or blaOXA-72 and armA isolated from patients in Nepal.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PFGE profiles obtained following Sfi I digestion of P. rettgeri chromosomes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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