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. 2014 Feb 3:15:16.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2156-15-16.

Multiple major QTL lead to stable yield performance of rice cultivars across varying drought intensities

Shalabh Dixit, Anshuman Singh, Ma Teresa Sta Cruz, Paul T Maturan, Modesto Amante, Arvind Kumar  1
Affiliations

Multiple major QTL lead to stable yield performance of rice cultivars across varying drought intensities

Shalabh Dixit et al. BMC Genet. .

Abstract

Background: Availability of irrigation water is becoming a major limiting factor in rice cultivation. Production in rainfed areas is affected in particular by drought events, as these areas are commonly planted to high-yielding drought-susceptible rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. The use of bulk segregant analysis (BSA), taking grain yield (GY) as a selection criterion, has resulted in the identification of several large-effect QTL. A QTL mapping study was undertaken on a BC1F3:4 population developed from the cross IR55419-04/2*TDK1 with the aim of identifying large-effect QTL in the background of TDK1, a popular variety from Lao PDR.

Results: The study identified three QTL-qDTY3.1 (RM168-RM468), qDTY6.1 (RM586-RM217), and qDTY6.2 (RM121-RM541)-for grain yield under drought. qDTY3.1 and qDTY6.1, showed consistent effect across seasons under lowland drought-stress conditions while qDTY6.1 and qDTY6.2 showed effect under both upland and lowland drought conditions. The test of QTL effect, conducted through a QTL class analysis, showed the complimentary nature of qDTY3.1 and qDTY6.1. Both QTL showed specific patterns of effect across different maturity groups within the mapping population and higher stability for grain yield was seen across stress levels for lines with both QTLs as compared to those with single or no QTL.

Conclusions: The study offers a clear understanding of large-effect QTL for grain yield under drought and their effect as individual QTL and in various combinations. The study also opens up an opportunity to develop a drought-tolerant version of TDK1 through marker-assisted backcross breeding and has led to a large-scale QTL pyramiding program aiming to combine these QTL with Sub1 in the background of TDK1 as recipient variety.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
BSA results for RM186 (qDTY3.1 region), RM587 and RM508 (qDTY6.1 region) and RM541 (qDTY6.2 region) for high- and low-yielding bulks identified from screening under LSS conditions in DS2011. BSA: bulk segregant analysis, LSS: lowland severe stress.
Figure 2
Figure 2
QTL likelihood curves of LOD scores for grain yield (GY) under lowland drought stress conditions for chromosomes 3 and 6. Lowland severe-stress (LSS), Lowland moderate-stress (LMS). Marker loci at their respective cM positions are on the X axis and LOD scores are on the Y axis. Horizontal lines correspond to the LOD threshold for the respective experiments (color-coded).
Figure 3
Figure 3
AMMI biplot of grain yield showing the stability of lines across lowland stress and non-stress conditions. (A) Full plot view (B) Magnified view showing the most stable lines. LSS: lowland severe stress; LMS: lowland moderate stress; LNS: lowland non-stress.
Figure 4
Figure 4
QTL effect curve of lines with different combinations of qDTY3.1 and qDTY6.1 across lowland stress and non-stress conditions. LSS: lowland severe stress; LMS: lowland moderate stress; LNS: lowland non-stress; ++: lines with qDTY3.1 and qDTY6.1; +−: lines with qDTY3.1 only; −+: lines with qDTY6.1 only; and −: lines without both qDTY3.1 and qDTY6.1. P: Probability of difference between genotypes; *, ****: significant at 5%, and 0.01% P levels, respectively.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effect of qDTY3.1 (A) and qDTY6.1 (B) on grain yield of different maturity classes under lowland drought stress and non-stress conditions. LSS: lowland severe stress; LMS: lowland moderate stress; LNS: lowland non-stress. E: early lines (Mean DTF ≤70 days under non-stress), M: Medium lines (Mean DTF = 71-75 days under non-stress), L: late lines (Mean DTF ≥76 days under non-stress). **, ***, ****: significant at 1%, 0.1%, and 0.01% P levels, respectively.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Mean grain yield of lines with different segments of qDTY3.1 region under drought stress and non-stress conditions. LSS: lowland severe stress; LMS: lowland moderate stress; LNS: lowland non-stress.
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